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The End of one Conflict, the Birth of Another. The Treaty of Versailles. Summary of what was written down yesterday…. Who: The Allies, The Central Powers What: Debating as to how to create the peace treaty to officially end World War I Where: Versailles, France. Just outside of Paris.
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The End of one Conflict, the Birth of Another The Treaty of Versailles
Summary of what was written down yesterday… • Who: The Allies, The Central PowersWhat: Debating as to how to create the peace treaty to officially end World War I • Where: Versailles, France. Just outside of Paris. • When: June 28th, 1919: 5 years to the day the Archduke to the Austro-Hungarian throne was shot. • Why: To finally end the war formally, once and for all, after 4 years of fighting.
What the Treaty consisted of: • Created 9 New nations from the remnants (remains) of the Empires in Europe (German, Austro-Hungarian, Russian) : Poland, Czechoslovakia, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Yugoslavia • War Guilt Clause: Forces Germany to take sole responsibility for starting World War I • War Reparations (War Damages): Germany needs to pay for the entire war: $33 BILLION • Germany was banned from having an army (only a self-defense force of 100,000 soldiers) • Loss of colonial possessions, loss of mineral rich lands (Alsace-Lorraine) • Created the League of Nations, Headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland.
Just a second….. • War Guilt Clause: Forces Germany to take sole responsibility for starting World War I • War Reparations (War Damages): Germany needs to pay for the entire war: $33 BILLION Wait….. WHAT????
So…What happened? (cont.) • Hardheadedness, idiocy, and plain ignorance. Living in the past. • Instead of going for peace and consolidation, the Allies went for very harsh penalties & humiliation instead. Marshal Ferdinand Foch: “This is not Peace. It’s an Armistice for 20 years.” (World War II: Sept. 1st: 1939)
The Seed has been planted... • “We must call to account the November criminals of 1918. It cannot be that two million Germans should have fallen in vain and that afterwards one should sit down as friends at the same table with traitors. No, we do not pardon, we demand - Vengeance!” • -Adolf Hitler in response to the Treaty of Versailles, Sept. 18 1922.
For the rest of class…. • Find a Partner to work with. • Instead of the Big Four, it’s now the Big Two. Together, write a one paragraph (at least 6 sentences) response to the following situation:Germany and Austria-Hungary just surrendered and are awaiting as to how they are going to be dealt with. Come up with an alternative plan to what was done with the Treaty of Versailles. How would you deal with both countries, while trying to prevent them from causing war? Be sure to write down why the both of you have chosen your answer. • Remember, be creative and thoughtful. There is no right answer. • Have your answer be on the left side of your notebooks. You are responsible for your share of the assignment. It will be checked and stamped tomorrow.
The Stipulations (FYI). • Created 9 New nations from the remnants (remains) of the Empires in Europe (German, Austro-Hungarian, Russian) : Poland, Czechoslovakia, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Yugoslavia • War Guilt Clause: Forces Germany to take sole responsibility for starting World War I • War Reparations (War Damages): Germany needs to pay for the entire war: $33 BILLION • Germany was banned from having an army (only a self-defense force of 100,000 soldiers) • Loss of colonial possessions, loss of mineral rich lands (Alsace-Lorraine) • Created the League of Nations, Headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland.
