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COMPUTER NETWORKING FUNDAMENTAL

COMPUTER NETWORKING FUNDAMENTAL. PREPAIR BY : MOHD SHARIFUDDIN B SAHABUDIN 12DEP11F11006 IMAN BT ABDULLAH 12DEP11F1002 MUHAMMAD MUIZZUDDIN BIN ZAINOL ABIDIN 12DEP11F1003 MUHAMMAD FARIS B NOORMI 12DEP11F1047. Network Cabling Preparation. Network Cabling Preparation.

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COMPUTER NETWORKING FUNDAMENTAL

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  1. COMPUTER NETWORKING FUNDAMENTAL PREPAIR BY : MOHD SHARIFUDDIN B SAHABUDIN 12DEP11F11006 IMAN BT ABDULLAH 12DEP11F1002 MUHAMMAD MUIZZUDDIN BIN ZAINOL ABIDIN 12DEP11F1003 MUHAMMAD FARIS B NOORMI 12DEP11F1047

  2. Network Cabling Preparation

  3. Network Cabling Preparation • Cable is the medium through which information usually moves from one network device to another. • There are several types of cable which are commonly used with LANs. • The type of cable chosen for a network is related to the network's topology, protocol, and size. • Understanding the characteristics of different types of cable and how they relate to other aspects of a network is necessary for the development of a successful network.

  4. Network Cabling Preparation Some Tips:- • A straight-thru cable has identical ends. • A crossover cable has different ends. • A straight-thru is used as a patch cord in Ethernet connections. • A crossover is used to connect two Ethernet devices without a hub or for connecting two hubs. • A crossover has one end with the Orange set of wires switched with the Green set. • Looking at the RJ-45 with the clip facing away from you, Brown is always on the right, and pin 1 is on the left.

  5. Demonstrate straight-through UTP cable

  6. Demonstrate straight-through UTP cable • The ANSI/TIA/EIA (American National Standards Institute/ Telecommunication Industry Association /Electronic Industry Association) 568-A standard which was ratified in 1995, was replaced by the TIA/EIA 568-B standard in 2002 and has been updated since. • Both standards define the T-568A and T-568B pin-outs for using Unshielded Twisted Pair cable and RJ-45 connectors for Ethernet connectivity

  7. Demonstrate straight-through UTP cable Difference Between Straight Through & Crossover Cables

  8. Demonstrate straight-through UTP cable Carefully remove the outer jacket of the cable. Be careful when stripping the jacket as to not nick or cut the internal wiring. Locate the string inside with the wires, or if no string is found, use the wires themselves to unzip the sheath of the cable by holding the sheath in one hand and pulling sideways with the string or wire. Cut away the unzipped sheath and cut the twisted pairs about 1 1/4" (30 mm). You will notice 8 wires twisted in 4 pairs. Each pair will have one wire of a certain color and another wire that is white with a colored stripe matching its partner (this wire is called a tracer).

  9. Demonstrate straight-through UTP cable Inspect the newly revealed wires for any cuts or scrapes that expose the copper wire inside. If you have breached the protective sheath of any wire, you will need to cut the entire segment of wires off and start over at step one. Exposed copper wire will lead to cross-talk, poor performance or no connectivity at all. It is important that the jacket for all network cables remains intact.

  10. Demonstrate straight-through UTP cable Untwist the pairs so they will lay flat between your fingers. The white piece of thread can be cut off even with the jacket and disposed (see Warnings). For easier handling, cut the wires so that they are 3/4" (19 mm) long from the base of the jacket and even in length.

  11. Demonstrate straight-through UTP cable Arrange the wires based on the wiring specifications you are following. There are two methods set by the TIA, 568A and 568B. For our demonstration in the following steps, we will use 568B. • 568B - Put the wires in the following order, from left to right: • white orange • orange • white green • blue • white blue • green • white brown • Brown

  12. Demonstrate straight-through UTP cable • Press all the wires flat and parallel between your thumb and forefinger. • Keep the wires flat and in order as you push them into the RJ-45 plug with the flat surface of the plug on top

  13. Demonstrate straight-through UTP cable Place the wired plug into the crimping tool. Give the handle a firm squeeze. You should hear a ratcheting noise as you continue. Once you have completed the crimp, the handle will reset to the open position. To ensure all pins are set, some prefer to double-crimp by repeating this step.

  14. Demonstrate straight-through UTP cable • Repeat all of the above steps with the other end of the cable. The way you wire the other end (568A or 568B) will depend on whether you're making a straight-through, rollover, or cross-over cable (see Tips).

  15. Demonstrate straight-through UTP cable Test the cable to ensure that it will function in the field. Mis-wired and incomplete network cables could lead to headaches down the road. In addition, with power-over-Ethernet (PoE) making its way into the market place, crossed wire pairs could lead to physical damage of computers or phone system equipment, making it even more crucial that the pairs are in the correct order. A simple cable tester can quickly verify that information for you. Should you not have a network cable tester on hand, simply test connectivity pin to pin.

  16. 3.3.2 Demonstrate cross-over UTP cable

  17. cross-over UTP cable

  18. 3.3.3 Construct UTP cables at patch panels and wall jacksHow to Make Network Cables A CAT 5 Twisted Pair

  19. Cable - Be sure the cable are using is properly rated for CAT 5

  20. Network Cable • Category 5 (CAT 5) cables will be used in this lab. • CAT 5 has 4 twisted-pairs of  wire for a total of eight individually insulated wires.

  21. Network Cables (con’t) • Each pair is color coded with one wire having a solid color (blue, orange, green, or brown) twisted around a second wire with a white background and a stripe of the same color. • Cable colors are commonly described using the background color followed by the color of the stripe; e.g., white-orange is a cable with a white background and an orange stripe.

  22. Network Connectors • The patch cables are terminated with CAT 5 RJ-45 modular plugs. • RJ-45 plugs are similar to those you'll see on the end of your telephone cable except they have eight versus two to six contacts on the end of the plug and they are about twice as big. • RJ means "Registered Jack".

  23. Network Cable Tools • The main tool used will be a modular crimp tool. • Basically, a tool which will securely crimp RJ-45 connectors. • This tool is used to cut, stripe, and crimp the wire.

  24. Colour Code Standards • There are two wire color-code standards apply: T568A and T568B. • For class purposes the T568B will be used.

  25. Straight-Thru Cables • We will be creating straight-thru cables, which are identical at each end (whereas as cross-over cable has different ends).

  26. Let’s Get Started! 1. Pull the cable off the reel to the desired length and cut (approx. 1 metre. 2. Strip one end of the cable with the stripper (push through until the wire touches the stopper). 3. Inspect the wire for ‘nicks’, start again if necessary.

  27. Preparing the Wire 4. Spread and arrange the pairs roughly in the order of the desired cable end. 5. Untwist the pairs and arrange the wires in the order of the desired cable end. Trim the ends of the wires so they are even with one another. There should be little or no space between the wires.

  28. Adding the RJ-45 Plug 6. Hold the RJ-45 plug with the clip facing down or away from you.  Push the wire firmly into the plug.  7. INSPECT THE WIRE BEFORE YOU CRIMP!!!!

  29. Ready to Crimp?? 8. Hold the wire near the RJ-45 plug with the clip down and firmly push it into the left side of the front of the crimper (it will only go in one way).  Make sure that the inner conductors are flush with the tip of the connector and directly under the gold contacts. Hold the wire in place, squeeze the crimper handles quite firmly.  This is what will happen:

  30. Crimp it Up!!! 9. Crimp it once.  The crimper pushes two plungers down on the RJ-45 plug.  One forces a plastic plug/wedge onto the cable jacket and very firmly clinches it.  The other seats the "pins," each with two teeth at its end, through the insulation and into the conductors of their respective wires.

  31. Repeat 10. Repeat these steps to the opposite end of the cable. Ensure that the colour order is identical. 11. Once both ends are done, test the cable. NOTE: You only get 2 modular plugs; thus, you only get 1 chance to crimp.

  32. 3.3.4 DEMOSTRARE TEST UTP CABLES USING CABLE TESTER • A cable tester (or LAN Multimeter) is a piece of test equipment used to ensure a network cable functions as specified. You can use the cable tester to check the connectors are wired correctly (conductors making contact, pin-outs correct) as well as the length of the cable. More expensive testers can also check resistance to interference, quality of the cable (cat 5 vs. cat 6), etc. In this portion of the lab, we will use a cable tester to check known good cables.

  33. STEP • Obtain a cable tester package and a cross-over cable from your instructor. • Turn on the cable tester by turning the dial on the front from OFF to TEST.If nothing is displayed, obtain fresh batteries from and install them. • Turn the tester back off. • Plug one end of the straight-through cable into RJ-45 plug on the end of the tester (up by the display) and the other end into the cable identifier (sort of looks like a special thumb-drive). • With the straight-through cable still plugged in, turn the dial from OFF to WIRE MAP. • You will get two rows of numbers indicating which conductor is wired to which conductor on the other end. The conductors on the “near” end are shown on the top conductors on the “far”

  34. 3.3.5 ASSEMBLE FIBER OPTIC CABLE WITH APPROPRIATE TERMINATION

  35. STEP 1

  36. STEP 2

  37. STEP 3

  38. STEP 4,5,6,& 7

  39. STEP 8 & 9

  40. STEP 10

  41. STEP 11

  42. STEP 12

  43. STEP 13

  44. STEP 14

  45. STEP 15

  46. 3.3.6 Prepared Fiber Optic Cords to the switch

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