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Harry Worstell AT&T Research Vice-Chair IEEE 802.11 WG

IEEE 802.11 Study Group Overview - 2004. Harry Worstell AT&T Research Vice-Chair IEEE 802.11 WG. IEEE-SA Standards Board Bylaws on Patents in Standards. 6. Patents

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Harry Worstell AT&T Research Vice-Chair IEEE 802.11 WG

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  1. IEEE 802.11 Study Group Overview - 2004 Harry Worstell AT&T Research Vice-Chair IEEE 802.11 WG Harry Worstell, WG Vice Chair, AT&T

  2. IEEE-SA Standards Board Bylaws on Patents in Standards • 6. Patents • IEEE standards may include the known use of patent(s), including patent applications, provided the IEEE receives assurance from the patent holder or applicant with respect to patents essential for compliance with both mandatory and optional portions of the standard. This assurance shall be provided without coercion and prior to approval of the standard (or reaffirmation when a patent becomes known after initial approval of the standard). This assurance shall be a letter that is in the form of either • a) A general disclaimer to the effect that the patentee will not enforce any of its present or future patent(s) whose use would be required to implement the proposed IEEE standard against any person or entity using the patent(s) to comply with the standard or • b) A statement that a license will be made available without compensation or under reasonable rates, with reasonable terms and conditions that are demonstrably free of any unfair discrimination • This assurance shall apply, at a minimum, from the date of the standard's approval to the date of the standard's withdrawal and is irrevocable during that period. Approved by IEEE-SA Standards Board – December 2002 Harry Worstell, WG Vice Chair, AT&T

  3. Inappropriate Topics for IEEE WG/TG/SG Meetings • Don’t discuss licensing terms or conditions • Don’t discuss product pricing, territorial restrictions or market share • Don’t discuss ongoing litigation or threatened litigation • Don’t be silent if inappropriate topics are discussed… do formally object. If you have questions, contact the IEEE Patent Committee Administrator at patcom@ieee.org Approved by IEEE-SA Standards Board – December 2002 Harry Worstell, WG Vice Chair, AT&T

  4. Outline • History of IEEE 802.11 • IEEE 802.11 Processes Harry Worstell, WG Vice Chair, AT&T

  5. History of IEEE 802.11 Harry Worstell, WG Vice Chair, AT&T

  6. Second-Generation Wireless LANs • InterNet/IntraNet • Ethernet-Compatible Speeds • Multiple RF Bands to operate Third-Generation Wireless Communications • TDMA • EDGE • Wideband CDMA 802.11: Indoor Wireless LAN Migration IEEE 802.11 Fourth-Generation of Wireless Communications First Generation Wireless LANs • Peer/Peer and Client/Server • Small User Population • Isolated "Cells" and User Groups • Non-Contiguous Coverage • Indoor Operation • Limited Mobility • Mostly Asynchronous Traffic • Slower than Ethernet • Larger User Population • Full Roaming/Handoff Capability • Contiguous Coverage in Dense Areas • Wider Area Coverage for Community LANs • Mobility (Follow-Me Service) • Mix of Async and Isochronous Traffic • Higher System Utilization • Enhanced Security Harry Worstell, WG Vice Chair, AT&T

  7. 802.11: WLAN History • 1940: Spread spectrum technology first used by the military • 1980: Limited applications using narrowband technology • 1989: FCC assigns frequency for commercial use. • ISM bands authorized (900 MHz, 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz) • 1990: 900 MHz products begin shipping • IEEE begins work on industry standard • 1994: 2.4 GHz products begin shipping • 1997: IEEE 802.11 standard approved. • 2.4 GHz products begin dominating the scene • 1998: FCC authorizes the UNII Band • 1999: IEEE 802.11a&b standard ratified. • WECA formed for interoperability testing • Wide Band Frequency Hopping NPRM Released by FCC • “Enhanced MAC - QoS and Security” Task Group chartered • 2001 QoS/Security enhancements Task Groups begin • 2003 FCC Expands the UNII Band by 255 MHZ Harry Worstell, WG Vice Chair, AT&T

  8. 802.11: WLAN History (cont.) • Early 1980’s- began selling vertical market narrowband solutions geared to the retail and manufacturing industries. • 1985- FCC authorizes the ISM bands for WLAN, then assigns a frequency for commercial use in 1990. • 1990, NCR (now Lucent/Avaya) and others penetrate the horizontal markets with 900MHz products, but many factors prevented market penetration. • Cost • Speed • PC Integration: Awkward antenna’s and products • Market acceptance of the technology • 2000- LANs with QoS support become an industry focus due to growth of multimedia, streaming, VoIP, and home networking of broadband cable/DSL services Harry Worstell, WG Vice Chair, AT&T

  9. FHSS • Transmits by using a narrowband carrier that changes over 79 frequencies in a given pattern. • Value Propositions: • Scalability through access point roaming on different channels • interference immunity • Cost • FCC guidelines restrict from shipping anything above 10Mbps. • A Spectrum Analyzer Photo of a Frequency Hop (FH) Spread Spectrum signal 802.11: FHSS vs. DSSS Technology Harry Worstell, WG Vice Chair, AT&T

  10. DSSS • Transmits data by “chipping code”: • Generating a redundant bit pit pattern for each bit sent • Value Propositions: • Higher throughput • echo (multi-path) resistance • wider range • Upgradeable/Scaleable • Speed currently up to 11Mbps • Vendor interoperability with the 802.11b standard • A Spectrum Analyzer Photo of a Direct Sequence (DS) Spread Spectrum signal • FHSS • Transmits by using a narrowband carrier that changes over 79 frequencies in a given pattern. • Value Propositions: • Scalability through access point roaming on different channels • interference immunity • Cost • FCC guidelines restrict from shipping anything above 10Mbps. • A Spectrum Analyzer Photo of a Frequency Hop (FH) Spread Spectrum signal 802.11: FHSS vs. DSSS Technology Harry Worstell, WG Vice Chair, AT&T

  11. 802.11: Networks - IBSS - BSS - ESS IBSS Ad-Hoc Mode • Peer-to-Peer (Distributed Coordination Function) • When different end clients communicate directly with one another • Has been the most popular configuration Harry Worstell, WG Vice Chair, AT&T

  12. Server WIRED NETWORK 802.11: Networks - IBSS - BSS - ESS • Access Point Configuration (Infrastructure Mode) • The access point plays the role of the bridge to the wired network for the peer-to-peer client (Also known as an indoor bridge) • Typical ratio of NIC:AP is 20:1 but capable of support many more BSS-B BSS-A Infrastructure Mode Harry Worstell, WG Vice Chair, AT&T

  13. Managed Mobility Cellular like architecture 802.11: Networks - IBSS - BSS - ESS A set of Access Points (APs) are interconnected by a distribution system (DS) AP AP AP • Extended Set Services (ESS) and all of its stations appear to be a single MAC layer • AP communicate among themselves to forward traffic • Station mobility within an ESS is invisible to the higher layers Harry Worstell, WG Vice Chair, AT&T

  14. IEEE 802.11a 802.11: 5 GHz Frequency Allocations for WLANs USA: 5.15 - 5.25 GHz U-NII 50 mW - Indoor only 5.25 - 5.35 GHz U-NII 250 mW 5.725 - 5.825 GHz U-NII 1 W Europe: 5.15 - 5.25 GHz ETSI ETS 300 652 200 mW - Indoors [ was designated HIPERLAN Type 1 ] 5.15 - 5.35 GHz ETSI EN 301 839 200 mW - Indoors [ was designatedHIPERLAN Type 2 ] 5.47 – 5.725 GHZ FCC CFR 47 part 15 250mW – Indoors / Outdoors 5.47 - 5.725 GHz ETSI EN 301 839 200 mW - Indoors / 1 W – Outdoors [ was designatedHIPERLAN Type 2 ] 5.725 –5.875 GHz ETSI EN 300 440 25 mW – Indoors / Outdoors Proposed U-NII U-NII U-NII U-NII Japan Japan Europe [HIPERLAN 1/2] Europe [HIPERLAN/2] Europe 5200 5300 5400 5500 5600 5700 5800 5900 4900 5100 Harry Worstell, WG Vice Chair, AT&T

  15. A Look at Indoor Wireless Coverage vs. Data Rate Data Rate (Mbps) 54M g IEEE 802.11a PHY Extensions WLAN Performance Space By Frequency Band, Data Rate, and Typical Range 24M g IEEE 802.11a PHY Extensions 11M IEEE 802.11b/g PHY Extensions 5.5M IEEE 802.11a PHY Extensions IEEE 802.11b/g PHY Extensions 2M Original IEEE 802.11 PHY Blue- tooth* Range (meters) 10 30 60 100 * Bluetooth is IEEE 802.15.1 Harry Worstell, WG Vice Chair, AT&T

  16. All things being equal, power will scale with channel bandwidth PT = L90 - Gm - Gb - Isd + SNR0 + [ -174 dBm/Hz + NF + 10 log B ] For a given distance, frequency and environment PT - transmit power L90 - maximum loss to achieve a given SNR0 Gm - mobile terminal antenna gain Gb - base antenna gain Isd - space diversity improvement SNR0 - required signal to noise ratio -174 dBm/Hz - thermal noise NF - noise figure 10 log B -10 x log of channel bandwidth (in Hz) Harry Worstell, WG Vice Chair, AT&T

  17. IEEE 802.11 Processes Harry Worstell, WG Vice Chair, AT&T

  18. Sponsor Sponsor Local and Metropolitan Area Networks (LMSC, IEEE 802) Sponsor 802.11: Standards Organization in IEEE IEEE Standards Association Standards Activities Board 802.11 Wireless WLAN 802.3 CSMA/CD Ethernet 1-100 Mbps 802.5 Token Passing Ring 802.15 Wireless Personal Area Networks 802.16 Broadband Wireless Broadband Access 802.18 Radio Regulatory TAG 802.20 MBWA 802.19 Co-existence TAG • IEEE 802.11: ~350 Members, • 250+ supporting companies • www.ieee802.org/11 Harry Worstell, WG Vice Chair, AT&T

  19. IEEE 802.11 Architecture Reaffirmed 802.11 Active work in red Completed work in yellow 2003 N 5 GHz High Throughput I Enhanced Security Mechanisms SG K ESS Mesh Radio Resource Measurements E MAC QoS Enhancements SG J Wireless Access Vehicular Environment Japan Extensions SC Wireless Next Generation MAC SG H Fast Roaming SC 5 GHz Spectrum Managed Publicity SG G PHY Wireless Performance Prediction F 2.4GHz High Rate >20Mbps Inter-Access Port Protocol M C Maintenance B A 2.4 GHz 802.11b 5.5 Mbps 11 Mbps 5 GHz 802.11a 6, 12, 24 Mbps 9-54 Mbps (opt) Infra-Red 1 Mbps 2 Mbps (opt) 2.4 GHz Frequency Hopped Spread Spectrum 1 Mbps 2 Mbps (optional) 2.4 GHz Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum 1 Mbps 2 Mbps D Regulatory Updates International Standard ISO/IEC 8802-11: 1999 Completed additions ingreen Published as IEEE Standard IEEE Std. 802.11-1997 Initial capabilities in White 1999 1997 Harry Worstell, WG Vice Chair, AT&T

  20. 802.11: Which Layers are Standardized? Application Presentation Session ISO/OSI Reference Model Transport Network } Data Link LLC (802.2) and Bridging (802.1) Medium Access Control Sub Layer Area of Focus Physical Physical Layer Harry Worstell, WG Vice Chair, AT&T

  21. IEEE 802.15 Wireless Personal Area Networks OFDM Forum Europe ETSI – BRAN HIPERLAN IEEE 1394 & 1394 TA Japan MMAC/PC Bluetooth IEEE 802.16 Wireless Broadband 5GIAG Cable Labs 802.11: Liaisons with Standards Organizations and Industry Bodies IEEE 802.11 Harry Worstell, WG Vice Chair, AT&T

  22. STANDARD Finished Passage Requires 75% or greater approval (Typically 95% Needed) Approve Standard and Verify Process Used RevCom Review Draft, Approve or reject IEEE 802 SPONSOR GROUP Rejected Review Draft, Approve or reject WORKING GROUP Debate Technology, Write a Draft Standard TASK GROUPS PAR Approved Gain support, prepare and submit a PAR STUDY GROUPS Initial Idea for a standard or improvement to a standard AD_HOC GROUPS Harry Worstell, WG Vice Chair, AT&T

  23. 4 Study Groups 4.1 Function The function of a Study Group (SG) is to complete a defined task with specific output and in a specific time frame. Once this task is complete, the function of the SG is complete and its charter expires. The normal function of a SG is to draft a complete PAR and five criteria (see subclause 9.2) and to gain approval for them at WG 802.11, 802 EC, IEEE New Standards Committee (NesCom) and the IEEE Standards Board. The decision of whether to utilize the 802.11 WG or to establish a new WG or TAG to carry out work items recommended by a SG is made by the 802 EC with advice from the 802.11 WG. 4.2 Formation A SG is formed when sufficient interest has been identified for a particular area of study within the scope of WG 802.11. The first step in the process is a call for interest. Any WG member or observer can make this at the WG 802.11 opening plenary. An 802.11 SG can then be initiated by 75% approval of the 802.11 WG and must be approved by the 802 EC. During this approval process the 802 EC decides whether a SG is within the scope of WG 802.11, should be moved to another WG or should be set up as an Executive Committee Study Group. Harry Worstell, WG Vice Chair, AT&T

  24. 4.3 Continuation A SG exists for up to 6 months. If it has not completed its work within that time, a request must be made to the WG for an extension for up to additional 6 months. Any request for SG extension will be voted upon at the WG 802.11 closing plenary. 4.4 Study Group Operation SG follow the operating procedures for TG specified above with the following exceptions detailed below. 4.4.1 Study Group Meetings SG meetings held adjunct to 802.11 WG Plenary or Interim sessions count towards 802.11 WG voting rights 4.4.2 Voting at Study Group Meetings Any person attending a SG meeting may participate in SG discussions, make motions and vote on all motions (including recommending approval of a PAR and five criteria). 4.4.3 Attendance List Since SGs may have members who are not part of the parent WG, a separate attendance list must be maintained for the meetings of the SG and will be submitted as a document to the WG Vice-Chair. Harry Worstell, WG Vice Chair, AT&T

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