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Psyc 736- Graduate Seminar: Eye-tracking Theory and Application

Overview The majority of literature from the driving domain centers around these main areas of focus

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Psyc 736- Graduate Seminar: Eye-tracking Theory and Application

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    1. Psyc 736- Graduate Seminar: Eye-tracking Theory and Application

    2. Overview The majority of literature from the driving domain centers around these main areas of focus… Straight road driving Curved road driving Visibility Factors Preview Time and Sign Reading Experience Scene Complexity Visual Flow and Heading Determination Fatigue Speed Age Workload

    3. Straight Road Driving

    4. Serafin, C. (1994)

    6. Mourant, R., & Rockwell, T. (1970)

    7. Mourant, R., & Rockwell, T. (1970) noted fixation pattern change due to learning usually evident after 3rd trial (see example) down and left shift Majority of fixations were directed to signs, cars, markers, and other potential hazards (“where there was information”) Fixations were biased toward the right side of the road.

    8. Mourant, R., & Rockwell, T. (1970)

    9. Bhise, V. & Rockwell, T. (1973) Naturalistic study, simply asked to navigate a stretch of freeway with no secondary task. Subjects did not know they were being studied for sign reading behaviors. Large study comprised of 8 smaller studies each using 3-5 subjects Looked at sign recognition (visual, not verbal) specifically, how much time needed to be dedicated to a sign in order to interpret it determined “interpretation” of a sign by the frequency and time spent on its fixation. (relies on the idea that once information is processed, it will not need to be revisited) Changed the message on both task relevant (road navigation aides) and irrelevant signs to observe fixation durations. Evaluated over 400 different highway signs during daylight conditions

    10. Bhise, V. & Rockwell, T. (1973)

    11. Bhise, V. & Rockwell, T. (1973)

    12. Taoka, G. (1991) Short general theory paper Analyzed glances from several studies to determine how fixation duration interacted with the loading produced by a task. Concluded that people have the longest fixation durations for goals that require the most brain computational power ( i.e. require interpretation). Temp gauges, traffic signs, heading determination The least amount of fixation time was spent on update activities mirrors, speedometer Ultimately concluded that people dedicate the most cognitive and visual resources to stimuli that “mean something” within a given context.

    13. Curved Road Driving

    14. Serafin, C. (1994) Right Curves

    16. Serafin, C. (1994) Left Curves

    18. Shinar, D., McDowell, E., & Rockwell, T.(1977)

    19. Shinar, D., McDowell, E., & Rockwell, T.(1977)

    20. Olson, P., Battle, D., & Aoki, T. (1989)

    21. Olson, P., Battle, D., & Aoki, T. (1989)

    22. Olson, P., Battle, D., & Aoki, T. (1989)

    23. Olson, P., Battle, D., & Aoki, T. (1989)

    24. Olson, P., Battle, D., & Aoki, T. (1989)

    25. Land, M., & Lee (1994) Land, M., & Horwood, J. (1996).

    26. Land, M., & Lee (1994) Land, M., & Horwood, J. (1996).

    27. Land, M., & Lee (1994) Land, M., & Horwood, J. (1996).

    28. Land, M., & Lee (1994) Land, M., & Horwood, J. (1996).

    29. Land, M., & Lee (1994) Land, M., & Horwood, J. (1996).

    30. Serafin, C. (1994)

    31. Serafin, C. (1994)

    32. Serafin, C. (1994)

    33. Dishart, D., & Land, L. (1998)

    34. Land, M.F., & Tatler, B.W. (2001).

    35. Summary

    36. Summary

    37. Summary

    38. THE END

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