Tuesday, A[ pril 15 th Warm-up – page 178

1. Tuesday, A[pril 15thWarm-up – page 178 W-U: Explain how a hurricane forms? Where do they form? Why do they form there? Please have out: - beginning of class supplies

2. Notes: Thunderstorms pg 187 • Thunderstorm: a disturbance in the atmosphere that involves lightning, thunder, and sometimes gusty surface winds with heavy rain and hail • Cumulonimbus: A very large thundercloud capable of producing large amounts of rain and lightning • Downdraft: wind that blows straight down in a storm. Can be caused by large amounts of rain • Thunderstorms can form at a cold front when the cool dry air from Canada meets warm moist air from the Gulf of Mexico

3. How are thunderstorms formed?

4. Tornadoes: pg 189 • Tornado: A violent windstorm that spirals around a rotating column of air (the vortex) and moves in a narrow path over land • Waterspout: A tornado that forms over water • Enhanced Fujita Scale (EF Scale): The scale scientists use to measure the damage caused by tornadoes (EF 0 causes the least damage, EF 5 causes the most damage) • More tornadoes occur in the month of May than any other month • Most tornadoes occur in “Tornado Alley.”

5. MINOR DAMAGE 65-85 53.5% MODERATE DAMAGE 86 -110 31.6% CONSIDERABLE DAMAGE 111 - 135 10.7% SEVERE DAMAGE 136 - 165 3.4% 166 - 200 EXTREME DAMAGE 0.7% MASSIVE DAMAGE >200 <0.1%

6. EF5 – Moore 2013

7. EF5 – Moore 2013

8. EF5 – Moore 2013

9. EF5 – Moore 2013

10. EF5 – Moore 2013

11. Hurricanes: pg 191 • Hurricanes: Massive rotating storms that form when warm moist air rises over tropical waters. • Eye: The center of the hurricane of extreme low air pressure • Typhoon: a hurricane that forms in the western Pacific Ocean • Cyclone: a hurricane that forms in the Indian Ocean and off the coast of Australia • Saffir/Simpson Hurricane Scale: The scale scientists use to measure the damage caused by hurricanes (category 1 causes the least damage, category 5 causes the most damage)

12. Hurricanes cont. • Hurricanes spin because the Earth rotates • Hurricanes in the northern hemisphere always rotate counter-clockwise • Hurricanes that form in the Atlantic Ocean tend to move northwest due to prevailing winds

14. Hurricane Sandy - 2012 • Hurricane Sandy

15. Hurricane Sandy Storm Surge

16. Hurricane Sandy • Before and after pictures

17. Hurricane names • There are six lists of names in use for storms in the Atlantic. These lists rotate, one each year; the list of this year's names will not be reused for six years. • The names get recycled each time the list comes up, with one exception: storms so devastating that reusing the name is inappropriate. In this case, the name is taken off the list and another name is used to replace it; there will not be another Hurricane Andrew, because Andrew has been replace by Alex on the list.

18. 2014 Hurricane Names Kyle LauraMarcoNanaOmarPauletteReneSallyTeddyVickyWilfred Arthur Bertha Cristobal Dolly Edouard Fay Gonzalo Hanna Isaias Josephine

19. Reading and Notes • Skim pages 20 – 24 in the green catastrophic book. Add any additional information to your notes from the reading • Process your 3 pages of notes • Summarize EACH page of notes in 20 words. • On page 186 – Create a 3 circle Venn Diagram. Compare and Contrast: • Thunderstorms • Tornadoes • Hurricanes

20. Fist to 5 closure – page 178 • What level on the scale are you right now? Explain why you chose that number.