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ADHD 101

What do these people have in common? Benjamin Franklin John F. Kennedy Abraham Lincoln Beethoven Mozart Leonardo da Vinci Andrew Carnegie F. Scott Fitzgerald Henry David Thoreau Frank Lloyd Wright. ADHD 101. What ADHD is and How it’s Diagnosed – Lyn Ucci Co-Existing Conditions – Joye Callaway

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ADHD 101

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  1. What do these people have in common?Benjamin FranklinJohn F. KennedyAbraham LincolnBeethovenMozartLeonardo da VinciAndrew CarnegieF. Scott FitzgeraldHenry David ThoreauFrank Lloyd Wright

  2. ADHD 101 • What ADHD is and How it’s Diagnosed – Lyn Ucci • Co-Existing Conditions – Joye Callaway • Definition of Executive Functions and Their Role in ADHD – Stacie Penland • Classroom Challenges and Strategies – Mary Knick • Resources – Lyn Ucci

  3. ADHD: An addiction to the present. It’s either NOW or NOT NOW.

  4. It’s all ADHD. • ADHD predominately hyperactive - impulsive • ADHD predominately inattentive • ADHD combined

  5. ADHD is a neurobiological disorder involving the following brain chemicals: • Dopamine • Norepinephrine • Serotonin

  6. It’s in the brain!

  7. 80% of the time, ADHD is inherited. • Researchers have identified at least thirteen genes linked to ADHD. • 20% of the time ADHD is caused by head trauma or medical issues

  8. How is ADHD diagnosed? • Behavioral rating scales (BASC, BRIEF, Conner’s) completed by teachers and parents • Parent interview • Thorough physical exam to rule out possible medical issues

  9. Academic assessment to rule out possible learning issues • Social/emotional assessment to rule out mental health issues

  10. Two thirds of children with ADHD have at least one other co-existing condition: • Approximately 25% have conduct disorders (CD) • Approximately 40% have oppositional-defiant disorder (ODD)

  11. Tic Disorders/Tourettes • Anxiety or Depression disorder • Sleep disorder • Substance Abuse • Learning Disability

  12. Free Money!

  13. Executive functions:a collection of high-level cognitive processes responsible for problem solving They are most in demand in the face of complex, open-ended tasks requiring creative or unique solutions.

  14. ADHD affects a person’s ability to use their executive functions to solve problems.

  15. Executive Functions:1. Inhibition – The ability to block out extraneous information, to control emotions, to suppress action or speech when necessary.2. Judgment3. Organizing and Planning4. Short-term Memory5. Metacognition

  16. ADHD Goes to School Challenge: • Student is easily distracted and cannot concentrate

  17. Strategies: • Seat in least distracting spot in the classroom • Use student’s name in a question or in material being covered • Change type of instruction every 20 minutes

  18. Cue student to stay on task with a private signal. • Pair written instructions with oral instructions. • Pause and create suspense by looking around the room before asking questions.

  19. Challenge: Student likes to blurt out answers and argue

  20. Strategies: • Acknowledge correct answer only when hand is raised and student is called on. • State the behavior you expect and be willing to repeat expectations.

  21. Encourage the student to envision him or herself being filmed. • Create a student/teacher contract to help student self-monitor his or her behavior.

  22. Challenge: Poor organization skills and forgetfulness

  23. Strategies: • Divide long-term assignments into shorter segments. • Set completion dates for each segment.

  24. Encourage students to use planner. • Make use of an organized notebook approach. • Post your syllabus on your classroom webpage.

  25. Challenge: Careless mistakes and poor attention to detail

  26. Strategies: • Communicate the value of accuracy over speed. • Encourage student to highlight key words in directions. • Help student define a detailed action plan.

  27. Reality: • There are factors outside of our control. • Mismatches exist between academic expectations and student ability.

  28. Sometimes the student is not ready to make a change or to be held accountable. • The student may need additional accommodations that we cannot provide.

  29. Resources:ADHD and the Nature of Self-Control (Russell Barkley)Driven to Distraction (Edward M. Hallowell, John J. Ratey)Delivered from Distraction (Edward M. Hallowell, John J. Ratey)ADDwarehouse.comCHADD.com

  30. www.nidcd.nih.gobSchwabLearning.orgkidshealth.orgldonline.orgldamerica.orgpbkids.orgsamgoldstein.orgwww.nidcd.nih.gobSchwabLearning.orgkidshealth.orgldonline.orgldamerica.orgpbkids.orgsamgoldstein.org

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