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Isotope

Isotope. Same element with a different mass. Ion. Atoms or molecules with an electrical charge. Cations. Positively charged atoms/molecules. Anions. Negatively charged atoms/molecules. amu. Atomic mass unit. Atomic number. Number of protons. Mass number. Protons + neutrons (amu unit).

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Isotope

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  1. Isotope Same element with a different mass

  2. Ion Atoms or molecules with an electrical charge

  3. Cations Positively charged atoms/molecules

  4. Anions Negatively charged atoms/molecules

  5. amu Atomic mass unit

  6. Atomic number Number of protons

  7. Mass number Protons + neutrons (amu unit)

  8. Nuclide The nucleus of an atom

  9. Alpha particles Helium nuclei Mass of 4 amu Charge of +2

  10. Ionic compounds (cpds) Metals attached to nonmetals Known as formula units NOT TRUE MOLECULES

  11. Molecular Cpds (or Covalent) Nonmetals attached to other nonmetals TRUE MOLECULES

  12. Diatomic elements The 7 diatomic elements are also true molecules.

  13. The rows are called periods The columns are called families or groups Periodic table

  14. Metals • Conduct electricity and heat • Malleable • Ductile • Very reactive and unstable • Silver/grey solids (Exceptions Au/Cu)

  15. Nonmetals • Insulators (don’t conduct heat or electricity) • Brittle solids • Some gases • Not very malleable or ductile

  16. Metalloids • Found along the staircase • Don’t fit neatly into the metal or nonmetal category. • Contain some characteristics of each group.

  17. True metals • Alkali family (First column) • Alkaline Earth family (Second column)

  18. Nonmetals • Noble gases (He family) • Halogens (F family) • Chalcogens (O family)

  19. Transitional metals • Most create very colorful cpds • All are silver or grey solids except Hg (silver liquid), gold (yellow solid) and copper (brown solid). • These have all of the characteristics of true metals but to a lesser degree.

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