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Human Evolution / Hominid Powerpoint

Human Evolution / Hominid Powerpoint

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Human Evolution / Hominid Powerpoint

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  1. Hominid: A primate of a family (Hominidae) that includes humans and their fossil ancestors.

  2. Sehlanthropus Tchadensis ● 7 million years ago ● Brain size: 350 cc ● foramen magnum slightly more forward than a chimpanzee's

  3. Sehlanthropus Tchadensis

  4. Orrorin Tugenensis ● 6 million years ago ● Smaller Canine Teeth ● No skull found yet ● Leg bones indicate it was bipedal

  5. Ardipithecus Kadabba ● 5.6 million years ago ● Leg bones indicate it was bipedal ● Canine teeth smaller

  6. Ardipithecus Ramidus ● 4.4 million years ago ● Brain size 350 cc

  7. ● Walked bipedally but hunched over ● Pelvis more like a human's than a chimpanzee's ● Hands more like a human's than a chimpanzee's ● Foramen magnum almost directly below the skull

  8. Australopithecus Anamensis ● 4.1 million years ago ● Smaller canine teeth

  9. Australopithecus Bahrelghazali ● 3.5 million years ago ● reduced prognathism

  10. Australopithecus Afarensis (“Lucy”) ● 3.2 million years ago ● Brain size 438 cc ● Fully Human-like teeth ● Foreman magnum directly below the skull ● almost fully Human-like pelvis ● Walked bipedally upright ● Human-like hands

  11. Australopithecus Afarensis (“Lucy”)

  12. Australopithecus Afarensis ● Shin bone found first, rest of the body 1 mile away (the shin was probably from a separate individual) ● Eight more individuals found since then, including an adult male and two children

  13. Afarensis Male Afarensis Female

  14. Australopithecus Afarensis Child

  15. Kenyanthropus Platyops ● 3.2 million years ago ● Same brain size as Lucy

  16. Kenyanthropus Platyops

  17. Australopithecus Africanus ● 2.5 million years ago ● Brain size: 452 cc ● Human-like Pelvis

  18. Australopithecus Africanus

  19. Australopithecus Africanus

  20. Australopithecus Garhi ● 2.5 million years ago ● Brain size 450 cc

  21. The Paranthropus Genus ● Sagittal Crest for attaching jaw muscle ● Large molar teeth for grinding up stems and roots

  22. Other mammals have sagittal crests to increase bite strength

  23. Paranthropus Aethiopicus ● 2.5 million years ago ● Brain size 410 cc

  24. Paranthropus Aethiopicus

  25. Paranthropus Robustus ● 1.5 million years ago ● Brain size 530 cc

  26. Paranthropus Boisei ● 1.2 million years ago ● Brain size 550 cc

  27. Paranthropus Boisei

  28. Paranthropus Boisei teeth and modern Homo Sapien teeth

  29. 2 million years ago:

  30. Homo Habilis “Handy Man” ● 2 million years ago ● Brain size 600 cc ● Larger brain than other hominids at the time ● First tool maker ● Human-like hands, pelvis, and teeth

  31. Homo Habilis

  32. Homo Habilis' tools

  33. Australopithecus Sediba ● 2 million years ago ● Brain size 420 cc

  34. Sediba hand comparison

  35. Australopithecus Sediba pelvis

  36. Sediba compared to Lucy

  37. Homo Rudolfensis ● 1.9 million years ago ● Brain size 526 cc

  38. Homo Rudolfensis

  39. Homo Ergaster ● 1.8 million years ago ● Brain size 900 cc ● Large increase in brain size after Habilis ● Large Prefrontal Cortex

  40. Homo Ergaster - “Turkana Boy”

  41. Homo Ergaster

  42. Homo Gautengensis ● 1.8 million years ago ● Extinct 1 million years ago ● Short stature: 3' 6”

  43. Homo Erectus Georgicus ● 1.7 million years ago ● Brain size 600 cc ● Lived in Europe ● Similar to Homo Erectus and Homo Ergaster

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