Health Information System

1. Health Information System Routine Data Collection for HIV/AIDS Programme Training Materials – Module 2

2. Health Information System • Objectives • To have an overview of Health Services Organisation • To understand how Information is used for effective health services management including • Information and the management planning cycle • Information management cycle • Choosing what information to collect • Role of stakeholders at each level Module 2: Health Information System

3. Organization of the Kenya Health System • The Kenya health system is organized at five inter-linked levels: • National • Provincial • District • Facility • Community levels • Data reporting • Community/Facility- District- National Module 2: Health Information System

4. HIS and Health Services Organisation • Primary purpose of health service provision is to meet health needs of the population. • The function of health managers at each level is therefore to • Continuously and efficiently make services available within a set framework of service provision • Plan, monitor, evaluate and modify of services in order to meet the needs of the population. Module 2: Health Information System

5. HIS and Health Services Organisation • The objective of Health Information System at each level is to improve health services management through optimal information support. • For this information to optimally influence management, it has to be used in decision-making at each organisation level. Module 2: Health Information System

6. HIS and Health Services Organisation • Health Information Systems are a function of • Data management processes • Use of information for management decisions • Management functions such as • Resource availability [funds, human, technology, etc] • Procedures and protocols • HIS is a functional entity of the health care delivery system • Failure of the Health System can impact on HIS Module 2: Health Information System

7. Data Management Processes • Need for an indicator driven [minimum] dataset • NASCOP had reviewed and developed an indicator set to which data collection will be pegged • Data flow policies • Data flow- • From the facility/community to the district • From the district to the national level • Though the province has access to the district data it is not part of the data flow • Data processing • There should be data processing to an extent at each level to promote data ownership • Data analysis- should inform decision making at each level Module 2: Health Information System

8. HIS and Health Services Organisation • Failure of a HIS is mostly premised on • Management functions • Perceived as an added burden to already-existing pressures of long patient/client queues • Poor infrastructure • Low working morale • Little involvement of lower levels at the design stage [design-reality gap] • Data collected do no relate directly to the daily functions of health providers • System slowly turns into a routine collection and forwarding structure – no traces of decision making • Quality of data deteriorates, thereby reinforcing the “infamous” circular relationship: • poor data quality => low data usage=>even more poor quality due to low usage Module 2: Health Information System

9. HIS and Management Planning Cycle [MPC] Priority-setting Review of Plans What is the current situation? Situation Analysis/Baseline Indicators for Objectives Improved Indicators Quality-Ensured Information Through-out the Cycle What is our destination? Have we arrived? Goals, Objective & Indicators Monitoring and Evaluation Indicator-tethered Dataset Presentation Reports How do we get to destination? Select Strategy Action/Operational Plans Interventions Module 2: Health Information System

10. Common Linkages of HIS with MPC • Priority Setting • Prioritizing health needs • Efficient and appropriate allocation of resources to needy areas [problems, geography, etc] • Equity of access • Improving coverage • Improving quality of care • Identifying objectives • Selecting a minimum/essential dataset • Choosing complimentary data sources to be used Module 2: Health Information System

11. Common Uses of HIS within MPC • Reporting and Feedback • Improved data quality • Enhanced ownership and sustainability • Review of plans • Re/prioritizing health needs • Appraisal of service provision • Efficient and appropriate allocation of resources to needy areas [problems, geography, etc] • Improving coverage • Improving quality of care • Basis for multi-sectoral approach to health care NB: For effective utilization of data- it should be Timely, Accurate and Complete Module 2: Health Information System

12. Data Needs and Health System Structures • Relates to management functions and roles at each concentration level • Community and health facility data requirements • Broader dataset at this level specific to local health needs • Clinical management • Data requirements for which local-level interventions can be provided • Data required at the higher level • District/Province data requirements • Resource allocation and distribution • Improved service delivery, etc • Data required at the higher level Module 2: Health Information System

13. Data Needs and Health System Structures • National • Policy, standards and guidelines • Resource mobilization • Global representation • This paradigm is “more on paper than practiced” • One reporting form flows through the hierarchy to the national level • HIV programmes is making an attempt at the paradigm shift • A separate form for health facilities – with more data elements • Summarized and compressed on a district form • Facility form remains at district – facility data goes into the repository Module 2: Health Information System

14. Data Flow Pyramid Module 2: Health Information System

15. Thank you Module 2: Health Information System