Bruce Mayer, PE Licensed Electrical & Mechanical Engineer BMayer@ChabotCollege

1. Engineering 36 Chp09: Distributed Loads Bruce Mayer, PE Licensed Electrical & Mechanical EngineerBMayer@ChabotCollege.edu

2. Distributed Loads • The Load on an Object may be Spread out, or Distributed over the surface. Load Profile, w(x)

3. Distributed Loads • If the Load Profile, w(x), is known then the distributed load can be replaced with at POINT Load at a SPECIFIC Location • Magnitude of thePoint Load, W, is Determined by Area Under the Profile Curve

4. Distributed Loads • To Determine the Point Load Location employ Moments (1st Moment of Force) • Recall: Moment = [LeverArm]•[Intensity] • In This Case • LeverArm = The distance from the Baseline Origin, xn • Intensity = The Increment of Load, dWn, which is that load, w(xn) covering a distance dx located at xn • That is: dWn = w(xn)•dx

5. Distributed Loads • Now Use Centroidal Methodology • And Recall: • Equating the Ω Expressionsfind

6. A distributed load is represented by plotting the load per unit length, w (N/m). The total load is equal to the area under the load curve. • A distributed load can be REPLACED by a concentrated load with a magnitude equal to the area under the load curve and a line of action passing through the areal centroid. Distributed Loads on Beams

8. A beam supports a distributed load as shown. Determine the equivalent concentrated load and the reactions at the supports. Solution Plan The magnitude of the concentrated load is equal to the total load (the area under the curve) The line of action of the concentrated load passes through the centroid of the area under the Load curve. Determine the support reactions by summing moments about the beam ends Example:Trapezoidal Load Profile

9. Example:Trapezoidal Load Profile • SOLUTION: • The magnitude of the concentrated load is equal to the total load, or the area under the curve. • The line of action of the concentrated load passes through the area centroid of the curve.

10. Example:Trapezoidal Load Profile • Determine the support reactions by summing moments about the beam ends After Replacing the Dist-Load with the Equivalent POINT-Load Ay By

11. 3D Distributed Loads • The Previous 2D Dist Load Profile had units of Force per Unit-Length (e.g., lb/in or N/m) • If 3D The Force acts over an AREA and the units become Force per Unit Area, or PRESSURE (e.g., psi or Pa) • Knowledge of the Pressure Profile allows calculation of an Equivalent Point Load and its Location

12. Consider an Area Subject to a Pressure Load Uniform Pressure Profile Pressure Loading • The incremental Force, dFmn, Results from pressure p(xm,yn) acting on the incremental area dAmn= (dxm) (dyn) • Then the Total Force, F, on the Area

13. The Differential Geometry is shown below Pressure Loading: Total Force • Then the Total Pressure Force

14. Use MOMENT Methodology in 2-Dimensions to find the Location for the Point Force Fp Pressure Loading – Pressure Ctr • Then the Moment about the y-axis due to intensity dFmn and LeverArm xm • Then the Total y-axis Moment

15. Recall also Ωx = XC•Fp Pressure Loading – Pressure Ctr • Equating the two Ω expressions • The Similar Expression for YC • Isolating XC

16. Pressure Loading Summarized • Given a surface with Pressure Profile • The Equivalent Force, Fp, Exerted on the Surface due to the Pressure • Fp is located at the Center of Pressure at CoOrds (XC,YC)

17. WhiteBoard Work Lets WorkThese NiceProblems

18. Engineering 36 Appendix Bruce Mayer, PE Registered Electrical & Mechanical EngineerBMayer@ChabotCollege.edu

19. Beam Problem • For the Negligible-Wt Beam Find • Equivalent POINT-Load and it’s Location (Point of Application, PoA) • The RCNs at Pt-A

20. Pressure Problem • Find the Equivalent POINT-LOAD and its Point of Application (Location) For the Given Pressure Distribution

25. The Differential Geometry is shown belwo Pressure Loading • Then the Total Pressure Force