Archery

1. Archery • Rebecca Bielat • HPE 324

2. Archery • The art, practice, or skill of propelling arrows with the use of a bow • Invented in late Paleolithic/ Mesolithic Periods • Archery has historically been used for hunting and combat • In modern times, however, its main use is that of a recreational activity

3. A Little Timeline • 1934- first bow hunting season in the U.S., held in the state of Wisconsin • 1942-Earl Hoyt, Jr. founded Hoyt Archery • 1970- Compound bows & release aids make national debut inU.S. National Archery Competition • 1992- Olympic torch is ignited in Spain using a flaming arrow • 1995- Compound bow is included in the World Target Archery Championship competition for first time

4. A Little Bit of History • About 10,000- 9,000 B.C. arrows were made of pine & consisted of a mainshaft and 6-8 in long foreshaft with a flint point • The oldest bows known, so far, come from the Holmegard Swamp in Denmark • Bows and arrows have been present in Egyptian Culture since its predynastic origins • In the 1920s professional engineers led the commercial development of new forms of bows including the modern recurve and compound bow (These are now dominant in the modern Western Archery)

5. What types of archery are there? • There are many different types of archery competitions • They are classified into two descriptions: Modern & Traditional

6. Modern Competitions... *Bowhunting: Taking game *Target Archery *Field Archery: This is the most popular in America *3D Archery *Clout Archery *Crossbow Archery *Flight Archery & Ski Archery

7. Traditional Competitions..... *Boursalt *Popinjay (Papingo) *Roving Marks *Wand Shoot *Field Archery is the type of Archery that will be discussed

8. Field Archery • American Favorite • Target tournaments are the most common, occurring indoor and outdoor • Equipment • Technique & Aiming Methods • Rules

9. Archery Equipment • Venue Support Equipment • Barriers • Scoreboards • Flags • Speaker System • Timing Control Equipment • Archer Identification • Field Glasses • General Safety Equipment • Arm Guard • Chest Guard • Finger Protectors • Quiver arrow straighteners • Grip/arrow pull • Fletching Jig • Stringer • Stringing rig • String Server • Field glasses

10. Bows & Arrows.. • Bows: • Recurve bow: Relatively short bow, ends of limbs curve away from each other

11. Bows & Arrows • Bows: • Compound: • Has cams and cables • Holding is weightless • Used for target archery competitions

12. Bows & Arrows • Arrows • Most common consist of a shaft with an arrowhead attached to the front end • Fletchings & a nock attached to the back end • Shafts: wood, fiberglass, aluminum alloy, carbon fiber, composite materials • Arrowhead: primary functional component • Fletching: made from turkey feathers; either parabolic(short feathers in a smooth parabolic curve) or shield(half a narrow shield)

13. The Target • According to the FIFA Outdoor Target Face.... • 122cm face with 122cm diameter • 80cm face with 80cm diameter • Center of target face(A.K.A. “Pinhole) is indicated by small “x”

14. Target Cont’d....122cm 80 diameter • Divided into 5 concentric color zones arranged from the center outwards: • Gold(Yellow) • Red • Yellow • Light Blue • Black • White *A lil’ note to KNOW Each color is divided by a thin line into two zones of equal width, thus making 10 scoring zones of equal width when measured from center of gold

15. 122cm 80cm Diameter

16. General Technique • Field archery shots are often made uphill or downhill • The archer stands erect, forming a “T” • Trapezius muscles are used to pull the arrow to anchor point • Arrow is typically released by relaxing the fingers of the drawing hand • Keep the drawing arm rigid, along with a sturdy back

17. Some Common Rules • The score depends upon where the arrow lands on the target • The highest score, 10, is achieved by shooting an arrow into the center • Missing=0 • The smaller inner 10-ring is used in compound events

18. Rules Continued • Shooting will be done in one direction only • Athletes may not raise the bow arm until the signal to start shooting is given • Shoot from a standing position without support, with one foot on each side of the shooting line or with both feet on the shooting line • Under no circumstances may an arrow be reshot

19. Rules Continued • No athlete may draw their ow, with or without an arrow, except when standing on the shooting line • When drawing back the string of the bow, and athlete must not use any technique which could allow the arrow, if accidentally released, fly beyond a safety zone or safety arrangements • There is a time limit to shoot an end of 3-6 arrows

20. Facility Requirements • Can be indoor or outdoor • For recurve(olympic) & Compound divisions, held at 25 or 18m; shoot 60 arrows at a 60cm diameter target face; all ranges must meet or exceed FITA &NAA specifications • Waiting line will be marked at least 5m behind shooting line • Each target butt is set up at an angle 10-15 degrees from vertical, but a line of target butts will be set up all at the same angle • Lines extending at right angles from the shooting line to target line will make lanes to contain 1,2, or 3 butts

21. Types of Archery Facilities • Local Club or Recreation Department Facilities • Community Archery Facilities • Archery Centers • Archery Center of Excellence

22. Resources • www.mrfizzix.com/archery/intro.html • www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/archery • www.strictlybowhunting.com/Anovolissue-history_of_archery.htm • www.esdf.org/archery-facilities/foundation-archery-center-critical • www.library.thinkquest.org/27480/arch_rules.htm • www.archery.org