CSCI 599: Science of Design for Continuous Media Applications

1. CSCI 599: Science of Design for Continuous Media Applications Shahram Ghandeharizadeh Associate Professor Computer Science Department University of Southern California

2. Outline • H2O & C2P2 frameworks • Uses and challenges • What makes these devices feasible? • This seminar’s objective • How am I graded?

3. H2O Framework • Home-to-Home Online (H2O) devices collaborate to deliver continuous media: • A H2O device is a wireless device with a powerful processor and abundant amount of storage. S. Ghandeharizadeh, H2O Clouds: Issues, Challenges and Solutions, in IEEE Pacific-Rim Conference on Multimedia, 2003.

4. H2O Framework • Home-to-Home Online (H2O) devices collaborate to deliver continuous media: • A H2O device is a wireless device with a powerful processor and abundant amount of storage. S. Ghandeharizadeh, H2O Clouds: Issues, Challenges and Solutions, in IEEE Pacific-Rim Conference on Multimedia, 2003.

5. H2O Framework (Cont…) • H2O devices complement existing wired infrastructure • A H2O device may: • Display a clip: video-on-demand • Store and produce a clip for a display • Act as a router of data from a producer to a display

6. H2O Uses & Challenges [2] • A household may: • Access clips for entertainment, education, etc. • Publish video library (never-erase). • Establish time-shifted recording of live events: monitor the house while on travel, Memex, MyLifeBits, etc. • Research challenges: • Privacy of user profiles and content. • Effective user-interfaces. • How to minimize loss-of-data in the presence of node removals. • Hiccup-free display: • Placement of data

7. C2P2: Car-to-Car Peer-to-Peer • A C2P2 device is equipped with a wireless device that may operate in a hybrid manner using either ad-hoc, cellular/802.16, or both modes of communication. • Data services: Video/audio-on-demand, road congestion reports. S. Ghandeharizadeh and B. Krishnamachari, C2P2: A Peer-to-Peer Network for On-Demand Automobile Information Services, in Globe 2004. Ad-hoc Cellular base station

8. Mobility Traffic Patterns and Information Association Constraints CHaMeLeoN Software Architecture Application Requirements QoS, Efficiency, Availability Static/Dynamic Content CHaMeLeoN Design for Mobility Admission Control Data Placement Data and Resource Discovery Data Scheduling and Stream Merging Routing Protocols Wireless Channels Environmental Conditions

9. Smaller & Inexpensive Disks • 25% annual reduction in size; 40% reduction in cost 1 GB, Year 1980 IBM 3380 @ $40,000 1 GB, Year 2004 IBM Microdrive @ $185 Size of a refrigerator, 550 pounds (250 Kg) 1 inch in height, weighs 1 ounce (16 grams)

10. Inexpensive wireless devices Year 2002 Intel 802.11a @ $185 Year 2004 SMC 802.11g @ $60 S. Bararia, S. Ghandeharizadeh and S. Kapadia, Evaluation of 802.11a for Streaming Data in Ad-hoc Networks, in ASWN 2004.

11. 1 foot 1 foot 1 foot Movie B Movie A Movie C Node 3 Node 4 Node 2 Node 1 Terminology • For e.g. • (a) 3:1 hop transmission • (b) 1:3 hop transmission • In general, any scenario is m transmissions k hops each • Denoted as m:k, m,k>=1 Movie D Movie D Movie D Node 3 Node 4 Node 2 Node 1

12. ADU Size • Application Data Unit sizes are dictated by an application at the data source: Application Network Node 1

13. ADU Size • Application Data Unit sizes are dictated by an application at the data source: Application Network ADU size defines the size of chunk handed from the application to the network layer. Node 1

14. ADU Size • Application Data Unit sizes are dictated by an application at the data source: Application Network Node 1

15. ADU Size • Application Data Unit sizes are dictated by an application at the data source: Application Network Node 1

16. ADU Size • Application Data Unit sizes are dictated by an application at the data source: Application Network Node 1

17. ADU Size • Application Data Unit sizes are dictated by an application at the data source: Application Network Node 1

18. ADU Size • Application Data Unit sizes are dictated by an application at the data source: Application Network Node 1

19. ADU Size • Application Data Unit sizes are dictated by an application at the data source: Application Network Node 1

20. ADU Size • Application Data Unit sizes are dictated by an application at the data source: Application Network Node 1

21. ADU Size • Application Data Unit sizes are dictated by an application at the data source: Application Network Node 1

22. ADU Size • Application Data Unit sizes are dictated by an application at the data source: Application Network Node 1

23. ADU Size • Application Data Unit sizes are dictated by an application at the data source: Application Network Node 1

24. ADU Size • Application Data Unit sizes are dictated by an application at the data source: Application Network Node 1

25. ADU Size • Application Data Unit sizes are dictated by an application at the data source: Application Network Node 1

26. Movie D Movie D Movie D Node 3 Node 4 Node 2 Node 1 TCP and UDP performance for a 1:3 hop connection Bandwidth (Good put) and loss rate for a 1:3 hop connection.

27. TCP and UDP performance for 3:1 hop connection 1 foot 1 foot 1 foot Movie B Movie A Movie C Node 3 Node 4 Node 2 Node 1

28. Observations • UDP Loss rate between 15-30% with a large variance • Losses occur due to transient bottlenecks at intermediate routers • k participants competing for the channel • Due to randomness intermediate router is flooded occasionally and drops data • TCP performs well even though there is the ACK overhead • A protocol with flow control and congestion control does well in case multiple senders in the same radio range • System may produce data at a slower rate than available network bandwidth • Introduce a delay between successive ADUs

29. Seminar’s Objectives • Study fundamental principles that make delivery of continuous media across devices such as H2O and C2P2 feasible: • Space-time • Law of large numbers • Divide-and-conquer • Implement a prototype of CHaMeLeoN • Investigate complementary frameworks: P2P and Web Services

30. WHAT WILL I LEARN? • Design and implementation of techniques to deliver continuous media using wireless networks • Design principles • Hands on experience with wireless devices • Team-work to implement software • On-going research at USC and other places. • This course assumes a knowledge of relational databases and a programming language such as Java, C, C#

31. WHAT WILL WE DO? • Weekly lectures to cover the fundamentals. • Break into groups that is working on a certain project. I will try to meet with all groups each week to discuss: • Current project status. • What each member is doing to bring the project to an end. • An estimate of when the project will be complete. • Design and implement novel research ideas, and write technical manuscripts.

32. HOW AM I GRADED? • This is a seminar course, you should enroll because: • You are interested in the topic • You have certain ideas of your own to pursue • You want to learn what research is all about • Your grade will depend on how fully you complete the project that you assume to work on. Generally speaking, projects are team oriented. So, your grade is somewhat dependent on your team members. • There are no exams. • How do I choose a project? Either pick from one of the offered projects or come up with your own project.

33. WHERE WILL I CONDUCT MY PROJECTS? • SAL 102 and 200C: • Linux 7.0, SAL 102 • Microsoft Windows NT, SAL 200C (Microsoft’s tool set) • Is there anyone to help me? • YES! • Shahram Ghandeharizadeh, Esam Alwagait, Tooraj Helmi, Shyam Kapadia, Sung-ah Kim, Mayank Saxena

34. SHORT-TERM PLAN • Thursday, August 26: • S. Ghandeharizadeh, T. Helmi, S. Kapadia, and B. Krishnamachari. A Case for a Mobility Based Admission Control Policy. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Distributed Multimedia Systems, San Francisco, September 2004. (Presenter: Shyam Kapadia) • V. Bush.As We May Think. The Atlantic Monthly. July 1945.(Discussion leader: Shahram Ghandeharizadeh) • Overview of a 802.11a mini-project • Tuesday, Aug 31, 2004: • S. Bararia, S. Ghandeharizadeh, and S. Kapadia.Evaluation of 802.11a for Streaming Data in Ad-hoc Networks. In 4th Workshop on Applications and Services in Wireless Networks, Boston, Massachusetts, August 2004. (Presenter: Shyam Kapadia) • Analyze the lap-tops and software to run code • Thursday, Sept 2, 2004: Student presentations on their results.