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Kuhn and the structure of scientific revolutions

Kuhn and the structure of scientific revolutions. Don’t forget!. Topics due today. Thought papers and discussion grades Method and proposal sign ups Job talks coming up. Philosophy of science. How do inductive and deductive research fit together?

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Kuhn and the structure of scientific revolutions

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  1. Kuhn and the structure of scientific revolutions

  2. Don’t forget! • Topics due today. • Thought papers and discussion grades • Method and proposal sign ups • Job talks coming up

  3. Philosophy of science • How do inductive and deductive research fit together? • Explain metaphysics, positivism, determinism, post-positivism, critical realism, constructivism, and evolutionary epistemology. What do these approaches have to do with how science is conducted and interpreted? • What is Kuhn?

  4. Kuhn’s views • What is Kuhn’s view of how science progresses? • Is science cumulative? • What is a paradigm? Why are they useful? • When is a field a science? • What is pre-paradigm period like? • What is normal science? • What is a “good scientist”? How does that affect the types of questions we ask?

  5. According to Kuhn… • How do paradigms change? Who changes them? • What is “extraordinary science”? • What is a scientific revolutio,n and how is it similar to a political one? • What does a paradigm affect? • How do paradigm changes affect what we already “know”?

  6. According to Kuhn… • What is the role of a student? • How do textbooks play a role? • What is a scientific community? How does it differ from other types of communities? • How does peer-review relate to Kuhn’s ideas?

  7. Applying Kuhn to psychology • What does Kuhn think of psychology? • What are examples from psych of his 3 types of research: facts that the PD has shown to be important; facts that can be compared with predictions from PD; research applying PD to new areas • What is the difference between a paradigm and a theory? • Do methods affect paradigms?

  8. Do we have a paradigm? • Do we have a paradigm? What is it? • A PD has • 1) symbolic generalizations (rules); • 2) metaphysical paradigms (shared commitment to beliefs); • 3) values; • 4) exemplars (concrete problems with solutions)

  9. What are our shared beliefs? • Do we have accepted measures or ways of looking at things? • What are our shared ideas that affect how we see things? • Do they differ by area of psychology? • Conceptual, theoretical, instrumental, and methodological commitments • How do our paradigms affect what we study? How we study it? • Do we have taboo topics?

  10. Textbooks and paradigm change • What do our textbooks tell us about our paradigm(s)? Have those changed over time? • What are some myths our textbooks have promulgated? • Did we have a pre-paradigm phase, or are we still in it? • What is an example of a paradigm change? Of a crisis?

  11. Constrains and communication • How do theories and paradigms constrain psychology? How are they good? • How does this relate to cross-cultural or interdisciplinary research?

  12. Graduate training • How do Kuhn’s ideas relate to HARKing? • How do Kuhn’s ideas relate to graduate training? Should we be doing it differently? How does our way of doing it differ (if it does) from other sciences? • Should we be doing normal or extraordinary science? What are psych examples?

  13. Our obsession • Is psychology a science? (a field is a science when PD guides the whole group’s research) • Why are we so defensive about that? • Why do we care? Does anyone else?

  14. Big questions • Is there a truth? • Is science moving closer to it? • What is the “alternative” to science? • Does science have to be theory driven? Paradigm-driven?

  15. Driver-Lynn (2003) and comments • We emphasize specialization over breadth • There is no objective truth in psych • Kashdan & Steger (2004) add • Examine things that we know • Refuse to throw out old theories • Example of categorical thinking in psychopathology

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