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Lab Exercise 6a-2

Lab Exercise 6a-2. Connective Tissue Nervous Muscle. Classification of connective tissues. Connective Tissue. Connective tissue proper Fluid connective tissue Supportive connecting tissue. Connective tissue proper Loose connective tissue Areolar Adipose Reticular

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Lab Exercise 6a-2

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  1. Lab Exercise 6a-2 Connective Tissue Nervous Muscle

  2. Classification of connective tissues

  3. Connective Tissue • Connective tissue proper • Fluid connective tissue • Supportive connecting tissue

  4. Connective tissue proper Loose connective tissue Areolar Adipose Reticular Dense connective tissue Dense regular Dense irregular Elastic tissue Fluid CT Blood Supporting CTs Cartilage Hyaline cartilage Elastic cartilage Fibrocartilage Bone Connective tissues

  5. Areolar tissue • A loose CTP

  6. Areolar

  7. Areolar: what to look for • Fibroblasts • Collagen fibers • Elastic fibers • Mast cells and macrophages • Found? Throughout body, under dermis, divides skin from underlying tissues

  8. Fibroblasts • Resting fibroblasts typically have so little cytoplasm that the cells appear, by light microscopy, as "naked" nuclei

  9. Fibroblast

  10. Adipose tissue • Another lose CTP (note nucleus)

  11. Adipose: what to look for • Lots of cytoplasm • Slim nuclei pushed off the side • Found? You know where

  12. Reticular tissue • The third type of loose CTP

  13. Reticular tissue

  14. Reticular: what to look for • Reticular fibers (network) • Found? Internal framework in many sort organs (liver, spleen) supporting the parenchyma

  15. Dense CTP • Dense regular – strength in one direction • Dense irregular – strength in all directions • Elastic tissue - pliable

  16. Dense regular

  17. Dense regular: what to look for • Thick parallel bundles of collagen • Small fibroblasts in between bundles • Found? Tendons, ligaments, deep fascia.

  18. Dense irregular

  19. More dense irregular

  20. Dense irregular: what to look for • Mesh of collagen fibers (irregular looking) • Interspersed fibroblasts • Found? Dermis of skin, periosteum, perichondrium

  21. Elastic tissue

  22. Elastic tissue: what to look for • Elastic fibers (instead of collagen fibers) in large bundles • Fibroblasts • Found? Between vertebrae, in blood vessel walls (underneath endothelium)

  23. Fluid CT • Blood

  24. Blood: what to look for • RBCs • White blood cells (darker): monocytes, lymphocytes, granulocytes • Platelets

  25. Supportive CT • Cartilage – gelatinous, padding • Hyaline cartilage • Elastic cartilage • Fibrocartilage

  26. Hyaline cartilage • Glasslike because fibers not visible

  27. More hyaline • There are collagenous and elastic fibers lying in the cartilage matrix but they are invisible because their “refractive index” is the same as that of the matrix (like cornea)

  28. More hyaline

  29. Hyaline cartilage

  30. Hyaline • Hyaline cartilage (lavender matrix), with perichondrium (pink) outside it. The latter is a dense regular collagenous CT. Cartilage cells = chondrocytes, and they are lying in the lacunae.

  31. Hyaline cart.: what to look for • Chondrocytes and lacunae • No visible fibers • Where? Most joints, nasal septum

  32. Elastic cartilage

  33. Elastic Cartilage

  34. Elastic cart: what to look for • Many elastic fibers in matrix • Chondrocytes in lacunae • May be stacked up

  35. Fibrocartilage

  36. Fibrocartilage: what to look for • Irregular, wispy collagen fibers • Chondrocytes • Found? Intervertabral discs of spine, pads in knee joint

  37. Supportive CT: Bone

  38. Detail of lacuna, showing radiating canaliculi. Tissue fluid from the capillaries and connective tissue of the Haversian canal can seep through these spaces and channels, bringing nutrients to the stellate osteocytes residing there.

  39. Bone: what to look for • Osteon (whole circular structure) • Concentric lamellae (of matrix) • Central canal (at center of lamellae) • Osteoblasts • Osteocytes in lacunae • Canaliculi Found? Bones!

  40. Nervous tissue • Neuron smear • Large, pyramidal cell bodies • Long processes extending out

  41. Nervous Tissue Figure 4.10

  42. 3 Types of Muscle Tissue • Skeletal muscle: • large body muscles responsible for movement • Cardiac muscle: • found only in the heart • Smooth muscle: • found in walls of hollow, contracting organs (blood vessels; urinary bladder; respiratory, digestive and reproductive tracts)

  43. Muscle Tissue: Skeletal • Long, cylindrical, multinucleate cells with obvious striations • Found in skeletal muscles that attach to bones or skin

  44. Muscle Tissue: Skeletal Figure 4.11a

  45. Muscle Tissue: Cardiac • Branching, striated, uninucleate cells interlocking at intercalated discs

  46. Muscle Tissue: Cardiac Figure 4.11b

  47. Muscle Tissue: Smooth • Sheets of spindle-shaped cells with central nuclei that have no striations • Found in the walls of hollow organs

  48. Muscle Tissue: Smooth Figure 4.11c

  49. Exercises • Look at all slides • Draw an example of each tissue on paper provided • 11 connective tissues: • 6 CTP (3 loose, 3 dense) • 1 Fluid CT (blood) • 4 Supportive CT (3 cartilage, 1 bone) • Neurons • 3 Muscle tissues • Skeletal • Striated • Smooth

  50. Turn in on Thurs 10/25 • 7 drawings from 6a-1 Epithelia • 15 Drawings from 6a-2 Connective+ • Review sheet for lab 6a

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