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TRANSPORT FOR THE POOR: THE CASE OF METRO MANILA

TRANSPORT FOR THE POOR: THE CASE OF METRO MANILA. DR. PRIMITIVO C. CAL Former Professor, School of Urban & Regional Planning, University of the Philippines & Former President, Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies. OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION.

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TRANSPORT FOR THE POOR: THE CASE OF METRO MANILA

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  1. TRANSPORT FOR THE POOR: THE CASE OF METRO MANILA DR. PRIMITIVO C. CAL Former Professor, School of Urban & Regional Planning, University of the Philippines & Former President, Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies

  2. OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION • Geographic and Socio-economic profile of Metro Manila • Metro Manila Transportation System • The poor as transport users • The poor as transport providers • Conclusion

  3. MAP OF THE PHILIPPINES Metro Manila

  4. CHARACTERISTICS: • Land Area: 636 sq.km. • Population: 10.8 (2005) • Per capita Income: $1,200 pa (2003) • % of Poor Families (4.8%)

  5. Road Map of Metro Manila • C-6 • C-6 • C-5 • R-8 • C-4 • C-3 • R-9 • R-7 • R-10 • C-2 • R-6 • C-6 • C-1 • C-2 • R-5 • C-3 • C-5 • C-4 • R-1 • R-4 • R-3 • R-2 • C-4 • C-6 • C-5 • Source: Roads in the Philippines, 2003, Department of Public Works and Highways and Japan International Cooperation Agency 2006 ROAD LENGTHS, km: Nat. roads - 1,000 Expressway - 37 Local - 2,366 Private - 1,639 Total 5,043

  6. Legend: Line 1 Line 2 Line 3 Line 4 Line 5 Line 6 Line 7 PNR Southrail PNR Northrail • MRT8 • 3/12/2008 3:23 PM • 11 • 3/12/2008 3:23 PM • REP/RAIL TPD • 11 • REP/RAIL TPD RAIL NETWORK

  7. PUBLIC TRANSPORT Tricycles: 57,720 (2008) Pedicabs

  8. PUBLIC TRANSPORT Jeepneys: 58,215 (2008) Buses: 5,988 (2008)

  9. PUBLIC TRANSPORT AUV Express: 9,606 (2008) Taxi: 22,345 (2008)

  10. Traffic Demand by Mode of Transportation in Metro Manila, 1996 Source: MMUTIS Data

  11. Existing Traffic Management Measures in Metro Manila • Urban Traffic Control • Traffic Restraint • U-turn schemes • Reversible Lane • Bus Stop Segregation Scheme • Bus Only Lanes • Yellow Box • Others

  12. Impact on the Poor • Level of Service • Economic Impact • Social Impact • Environmental/Safety Impact

  13. Public Transport Hierarchy Taxi Jeepney FX Tamaraw Pedicab Tricycle Source: MMUTIS Data

  14. Philippine National Railway Bus Minibus Source: MMUTIS Data

  15. Metro Rail Transit 3 Light Rail Transit Line 1 Source: MMUTIS Data

  16. LEGEND Jeepney Service Coverage Jeepney Terminal TRANSPORT TERMINALS Source: MMUTIS Data

  17. Waiting Time of Bus Passengers Source: D. L. Guariño, Master Thesis, “Consolidation of Bus Companies in Metro Manila”

  18. Attitude on Bus Level of Service Source: D. L. Guariño, Master Thesis, “Consolidation of Bus Companies in Metro Manila”

  19. FARE RATES • LRT/MRT: P10-15 ($0.02/km) • Bus : P9 min. ($0.04/km) • Jeepney : P7.50 min. ($0.03/km) • Taxi : P30 Flagdown plus P2.50/300 m • AUV : P7 min ($0.03/km) $1.00=P47.00

  20. Perception on Fare Source: D. L. Guariño, Master Thesis, “Consolidation of Bus Companies in Metro Manila”

  21. Willingness to Pay for More Source: D. L. Guariño, Master Thesis, “Consolidation of Bus Companies in Metro Manila”

  22. Economic Impact of Congestion in Metro Manila • 100 billion pesos per year (year 1996 pesos) - a conservative estimate prepared by NCTS for NEDA and LEDAC (Legislative-Executive Development Advisory Council (LEDAC) in 2000. • This represents value-of-time costs only due to delay, calculated based on 50% of average hourly income across different occupation classes - classes considered were Gov’t Officials, Professionals, Technicians, Clerical Workers and Services workers based on MMUTIS classifications

  23. EMPLOYMENT GENERATION

  24. Time Spent by Truck Drivers on Sleeping Source: J. Punzalan, Master Thesis, “The Impact of Truck Ban on the Trucking Industry in Metro Manila”

  25. Time Spent by Truck Drivers on Family/Personal Activities Source: J. Punzalan, Master Thesis, “The Impact of Truck Ban on the Trucking Industry in Metro Manila”

  26. Concentration of Total Suspended Particulates (TSP)

  27. 2002 Statistics Source: Sigua, R.G.(2004), Philippine Road Safety Workshop

  28. Place of Occurrence (2001) Vehicle Involvement (2001) Source: Sigua, R.G(2004), Philippine Road Safety Workshop

  29. CONCLUSION • The poor is relatively well served by the public transport system but level of service affected by traffic congestion • Fares are affordable but LRT operations highly subsidized • The transport system provides significant number of jobs for the poor • The poor is exposed to air pollution and other health hazards particularly the drivers and crew of public transport vehicles • Poor road safety

  30. THANK YOU

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