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Off-Highway Recreational Vehicle Workshop

Off-Highway Recreational Vehicle Workshop. 12/18/2012. Outline. Proposed Regulation Compliance Dates Performance Standards Credits Labeling Tampering Proposed Test Procedure Tip Tests Evaporative Tests Costs Request Example Form Inventory Update. Proposed Regulation.

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Off-Highway Recreational Vehicle Workshop

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  1. Off-Highway Recreational Vehicle Workshop 12/18/2012

  2. Outline • Proposed Regulation • Compliance Dates • Performance Standards • Credits • Labeling • Tampering • Proposed Test Procedure • Tip Tests • Evaporative Tests • Costs Request • Example Form • Inventory Update

  3. Proposed Regulation Compliance Dates Evaporative Emissions Performance Standards Small-Volume Manufacturer Design Standard Advanced Fuel System Emission Credits Emissions Label Tamper Resistance Educational Tampering Statement

  4. Proposed RegulationCompliance Dates[§ 2418(b)(2)] • 2018 and subsequent model year vehicles are required to meet OHRV evaporative standards • Vehicle phase-in: 33% of manufacturers total projected CA sales, per model year • Full implementation is expected by 2020 but can be delayed to 2021, if: • Performance standards are met by 67% of vehicles by 2018, or the small volume design standard is met by 75% by 2018.

  5. Proposed RegulationEvaporative Emissions Performance Standards[§ 2418(b)(1)(B)] 1) Highest 24 hour result in a 3 day period, not to exceed 1 g TOG.

  6. Proposed RegulationSmall-Volume Manufacturer Design Standard[§ 2418(c)(1)] An OHRV manufacturer with 50 or less CA vehicles sales per year (during previous 3 model years) may certify to design-based standards: • Fuel hose permeation: 5.0 g/m2/day @ 35°C (95°F) • Fuel tank permeation: 1.5 g/m2/day @ 28°C • Carbon Canister Working Capacity: 1.0 g/l of nominal fuel tank volume • Vehicles are required to have fuel injection

  7. Proposed RegulationAdvanced Fuel System Emission Credits[§ 2418(f)] • Credits are awarded to OHRV manufacturers that produce low emission vehicles • Credits are averaged in for each test (e.g. HS, RL, Diurnal) • Credit is 75% of the difference between the certified standard and the performance standard.

  8. Proposed RegulationEmissions Label[§ 2419.1] OHRVs must have a combined exhaust label [§ 2413] and evaporative label that must be: • permanently affixed to vehicle • readily visible, except if placed under a removable vehicle seat

  9. Proposed RegulationTamper Resistance[§ 2419.5(e)(2)] • An ARB study found that up to ~1/3 of OHRV’s are tampered • Vehicles must be designed as tamper resistant, which includes: • Design of fuel and vapor line connectors • Use of tamper resistant fasteners made for use with special tools • Placement of emission components (i.e. carbon canister)

  10. Proposed RegulationEducational Tampering Statement[§ 2419.5(e)(6)] • Tag is to be removed by the end purchaser, and fastened in a way that is destroyed upon removal Manufacturers must attach a vehicle tag to new OHRV, educating owners of tampering laws

  11. Proposed Regulation Questions?

  12. Proposed Test Procedures • Preconditioning • Tip Test • Running Loss Test • Hot Soak Test • Diurnal Test

  13. Proposed Test ProceduresPreconditioning Conduct durability testing as required on carbon canister, PV valve, tank, cables and linkages, etc. (§ 4) Bench age carbon canister as needed (§ 3.6) Soak fuel system for 140 days or until permeation has reached steady state (§ 5.1) Precondition carbon canister (§ 5.2)

  14. Proposed Test ProceduresTip Test • Liquid fuel leak – 50% full (§ 6.1) • Front to back • +/- 30° for off-road motorcycles • +/- 30° for ATVs • Side to side • +/- 30° for off-road motorcycles • +/- 15° for ATVs • Carbon canister contamination* – 100% full (§ 6.2) • Front to back • +/- 30° for off-road motorcycles • +/- 30° for ATVs • Side to side • +/- 90° for off-road motorcycles • +/- 15° for ATVs *canister weight gain must be less than 10% of BWC

  15. Proposed Test ProceduresRunning Loss Test • Must follow preconditioning and Tip Test • Drain/fill to 50% • Pre-test UDDS* cycle (§ 6.3.1) • Soak for 6-36 hours at running loss test temperate • Running Loss Test consists of a single UDDS* cycle (§ 6.4.2) • Emissions can be measured in a “SHED” or using the “point source” measurement method *Alternative PIP cycle is allowed

  16. Proposed Test ProceduresHot Soak Test Hot Soak Test must start within 7 minutes (4 minutes of engine-off time) of completion of Running Loss Test (§ 6.4) Constant temperature soak at test temperature for 90 minutes

  17. Proposed Test ProceduresDiurnal Test Diurnal Test starts immediately following Hot Soak test (§6.5) Soak for 6-36 hours at beginning test temperature (~72°F) Conduct 3 repeat 24-hour diurnal profiles following the U.S. EPA profile (~72°F-96°F-72°F) -

  18. Proposed Test Procedure Questions?

  19. Request for Cost Information Currently drafting cost surveyto evaluate economic impact for the proposed regulation and determine the cost for required emission controls • Request • Estimate increased manufacturing costs to comply with the proposed evaporative emissions standards • Estimate increased costs for testing and certification • Deadline: 1/30/2013

  20. Emissions Inventory Update Updating Recreational Vehicle Emissions DRAFT statewide Recreational Vehicle Emissions Findings from Draft Inventory Completing the Inventory

  21. Updating Recreational Vehicle Emissions • Comprehensive Re-Evaluation of Model and Inputs • Updated population from ten years of DMV data (2001-2010) • Updated activity from surveys • Updated emission factors from testing and certification data • New forecast based on economic and demographic data • Reprogrammed modeling platform • Current Status • Emissions are lower than previously forecast • Draft inventory is currently being updated • Rule scenarios are not yet completed 22

  22. Findings from Draft Inventory Huge decline in new OHRV vehicle sales resulting from the recession; extent of future rebound is uncertain More vehicles have four-stroke engines than previously estimated (have lower emissions than two-stroke) Vehicles last longer than previously estimated Survey shows lower activity that declines with age more than previously estimated Emission factors still being evaluated

  23. Completing the Inventory Updating population with the latest DMV data Updating emission forecast with latest economic forecasting information Updating emission factors with latest testing data and analysis Assessing rule scenario Will present more detailed analysis and updated inventory at future meetings Will provide complete model inputs, documentation and source code publicly

  24. Emissions Inventory Update Questions?

  25. Timeline Request for comments: March 1, 2013 Inventory meeting: March, 2013 1085 data available: May, 2013 Publish Reg. documents: May, 2013 Board hearing: July, 2013

  26. Contacts For Questions Concerning Evaporative Emissions • Pippin Mader • Project Lead, Evaporative Control, Engineering, and Regulatory Development Section • (916) 322-8930, pmader@arb.ca.gov • Jim Watson • Manager, Evaporative Control, Engineering, and Regulatory Development Section • (916) 327-1282, jwatson@arb.ca.gov For Questions Concerning OHRV Certification • Steven Hada • Staff APS, On-Road Light Duty Certification Section • (626) 575-6641, shada@arb.ca.gov • DucNguyen • Manager, On-Road Light Duty Certification Section • (626) 575-6844 dnguyen@arb.ca.gov For Questions Concerning OHRV Emissions Inventory • David Chou • Manager, Off-Road Modeling and Assessment Section • (626) 450-6136, cchou@arb.ca.gov

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