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Current Challenges in Research for Smallholder Rubber Plantations in Thailand

Current Challenges in Research for Smallholder Rubber Plantations in Thailand Panel 3 : Current challenges in research for smallholder rubber plantations. Current Situation. Rubber Area. Total Planted Area 2 .672 mil hectares South + East 2.144 mil hectares North + N.E. + W +

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Current Challenges in Research for Smallholder Rubber Plantations in Thailand

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  1. Current Challenges in Research for Smallholder Rubber Plantations in Thailand Panel 3 : Current challenges in research for smallholder rubber plantations

  2. Current Situation

  3. Rubber Area Total Planted Area 2.672mil hectares South + East 2.144mil hectares North + N.E. + W + Upper Central0.528 mil hectares

  4. Rubber Productivity Average Yield 1,737.5 kg/ha/year Number of Farmer 1 mil families Smallholder 95 % Average Area 2 – 2.5 ha

  5. Smallholders Cultural Practices South/EastNorth/Northeast Clones RRIM600,PB235 RRIM600,RRIT251 BPM24 Tapping System 1/2s, 1/3s 2d3,3d4 1/2s 2d3, 1/3s 2d3 Tapping days / year 120-150 120-150

  6. NR Production, Export and Consumption Unit : mil ton Year Production Export Consumption 2005 2.937 2.632 0.335 2006 3.137 2.772 0.321 2007 3.056 2.704 0.374 2008 3.09 2.69 0.395

  7. Rubber Clones RRIM600 90 % RRIT 251 + RRIT 226 + BPM24 + PB235 + GT1 + others 10 % More increasing for RRIT251

  8. ResearchCenters SouthSongkhla + Surat Thani Central Chacheongsao North Easthern Nongkhai No. Researchers 50

  9. Labor Use for Tapping & Processing Most smallholder with more than 3.2 hectares will employ a share tapper for tapping and making USS The share tapper usually get 40-50 % share of production

  10. Type of Rubber Produced Most individual smallholders produced unsmoked sheet Smallholders have option to sell field latex to local traders or sell directly to processor Smallholders cooperatives produced unsmoked sheet, smoked sheet or air dried sheet

  11. Smallholders Value Chain Smallholders have options for marketing their produce Supply chain are short Returns to the smallholders are approximately 90% of the FOB price

  12. Marketing Structure Smallholder (USS, Cuplump, Field Latex) Field Latex Collection Cooperatives (RSS) Dealer Rubber Auction Market (ORRAF) Central Rubber Market (RRIT) Processor / Exporter

  13. Smallholders Marketing Facilitate 3 CRM (Hat Yai, Surat Thani, Nakorn Sri Tammarat) Setting up new 3 CRM in 2008 (Yala, Burirum, Nongkhai) Setting up single auction system of 3 CRM

  14. Research from last 5 years Survey of TPD Survey of rubber wood Market situation Scientific property of RSS 1-5 Rubber mix with asphalt for road construction

  15. Research from last 5 years Reducing immature period Fertilizer and productivity Tapping system

  16. Dissemination RRIT trains ORRAF, Department of Cooperatives Promotion and Department of Agricultural Extension regularly for all rubber knowledge

  17. Dissemination Normally, there is no evaluation of dissemination for specify research result from each Project

  18. Research Challenging Clone for new area (N + N.E.) New higher yieldling clones TPD problem Biotechnology to reduce Breeding program

  19. Research Challenging Tapping system to reduce costs Tapping machine Alternative production (USS, Latex, Cup-lump, RSS) New rubber end-products

  20. More Challenging Transfer technology to new area Understanding farmer practices, Socio-economics factors Marketing knowledge, opportunity Pricing, sustainable income

  21. Sawasdee & Thank you

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