MDG REPORT 2014 ASSESSING PROGRESS IN AFRICA TOWARDS THE MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS

1. MDG REPORT 2014ASSESSING PROGRESS IN AFRICA TOWARDS THE MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS Macroeconomic Policy Division Economic Commission for Africa

2. INTRODUCTION • Africa continues to make progress on various goals, but the pace is still too slow and uneven to meet most MDGs by 2015 • Africa still lags all region on several indicators/targets. • Wide variations in performance across countries and goals • Africa needs to step up efforts in order to achieve some of the goals by 2015. • The continent is on track to achieve Goals 2 and 3

3. GOAL 1: ERADICATE EXTREEME POVERTY • Extreme poverty has declined faster since 2005 but not fast enough to reach the target by 2015, high inequality has tempered the growth/poverty nexus • Southern, East, Central and West Africa reduced the proportion of people living on less than $1.25 a day by 24.7 per cent between 1990 and 2011

4. GOAL 1…CONT’D • Youth employment is critical for poverty reduction in Africa • High unemployment & poverty rates are affecting efforts to reduce under-nourishment • Burundi, Eritrea, & Comoros still have a level of under-nourishment above 60%

5. GOAL 2: ACHIEVE UNIVERSAL PRIMARY EDUCATION • Africa is performing well in net enrolment in primary education, but 30 percent do not complete primary school • Southern, East, Central and West Africa have the lowest net enrolment in primary education, but this improved by 45% between 1991 and 2011 • High primary enrollment and completion are enhancing literacy rates

6. GOAL 2…CONT’D

7. GOAL 3: PROMOTE GENDER EQUALITY AND EMPOWER WOMEN • Remarkable progress on GPI primary level & impressive female representation in national parliaments, but Lower GPI at secondary & tertiary levels • Between 1990 and 2013: a steady rise in the proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments; many of them doubled their 1990 percentages.

8. GOAL 3….CONT’D GPI Primary level education

9. GOAL 3…..CONT’D GPI Secondary level education

10. GOAL 3…..CONT’D GPI Tertiary level education

11. GOAL 3…CONT’D Percentage Female Representation in African parliaments in 2013

12. GOAL 4: REDUCE CHILD MORTALITY • 1990-2012: Under Five Mortality Rate (U5MR) declined on average by 41% and Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) by 39%. • Unlikely to achieve target for Goal 4 • Egypt, Ethiopia, Liberia, Malawi, Tanzania and Tunisia met target on U5MR

13. GOAL 4 : CONT’D

14. GOAL 4…CONT’D • Almost half of African countries have 90% immunization coverage • Child mortality still high in Africa because of: - poor/limited access to health systems • HIV prevalence • poor nutrition • poor education attainment of mothers • low income among women/mothers.

15. GOAL 5: IMPROVE MATERNAL HEALTH • MMR in Africa fell by 42% between 1990 and 2010. • But Africa still has highest MMR burden (56% of all maternal deaths world wide) • Africa is home to 10 countries with highest MMR globally

16. GOAL 5…CONT’D • High MMR generally associated with: • Socio-economic & spatial inequalities • Lack of access to skilled birth attendants (Less than half of all deliveries take place in presence of skilled health workers ) • Lack of access to contraceptives (26 countries below WHO regional average contraceptive prevalence rate) • High adolescent birth rate, especially among poor uneducated women, and/or living in remote or rural areas.

17. GOAL 6: COMBAT HIV/AIDS, MALARIA AND OTHER DISEASES • Africa has made unprecedented gains in reducing HIV/AIDS, malaria and TB. But still has the highest burden of these diseases worldwide

18. GOAL 7: ENSURE ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY • CO2 emissions on the rise. • Equatorial Guinea had highest increase between 2000 and 2010 • Consumption of Ozone Depleting Substances (ODS) is declining. • More than half of Africa reduced ODS consumption by at least 50% between 2000 and 2011.

19. GOAL 7…CONT’D • 6 countries increased their ODS consumption. • Gabon and Central African Republic increased ODS consumption by more than 100% • In 2011, at least 73% of African population had access to an improved drinking water source, while only42.35% used an improved sanitation facility

20. GOAL 8: DEVELOP A GLOBAL PARTNERSHIP FOR DEVELOPMENT • Increase in trade between Africa & emerging economies: • exports & imports to & from emerging economies grew by 14.5% & 19.5 respectively between 2009 and 2011. • Decline in developed country imports from Africa (admitted duty free) between 2011 & 2012. • Imports from Angola, Cameroon, Mauritania & Uganda stagnated while in Eritrea and Zimbabwe, they increased

21. GOAL 8…CONT’D • Africa’s intra-regional trade is still fairly low & has stagnated around 12%. Biggest challenge is lack of diversity. • Most African economies remain fragile & need developmental support. • However, many developed nations could not meet their aid commitments as they are recovering from the sub-prime & Eurozone crises.

22. GOAL 8…CONT’D • In 2012, aid from the DAC members of the OECD was estimated at $125 billion, less than in 2011. The trend is expected to continue in 2013 • Bilateral ODA is expected to drop to 2011/2012 levels. • Donors have also regressed on fulfilment of their ODA commitments to LDCs. • In 2011, only 10 countries met the 0.15 – 0.20%UN target of net ODA from DAC donors to LDCs.

23. GOAL 8…CONT’D • Significant strides have been made towards the adoption of ICTs; particularly remarkable penetration rates of mobile phones and internet • Number of fixed telephone lines remains very low, owing to vandalism and growing popularity & diversity of mobile phones. • In 2012, 72.9% of population had a mobile phone. • Internet users up by at least 40% between 2010 and 2012 in more than half of African countries. • Increasing use of smart phones and competitive internet costs are facilitating increasing internet use.

24. AFRICA REGIONAL PROCESS ON THE POST 2015 DEVT AGENDA • In 2012, the Executive Council of AU requested AUC together with partners to begin reflections on the MDGs and P2015 Development Agenda • AUC, ECA, AfDB and UNDP-RBA started regional and continental consultations with the objective of producing a demand driven agenda from multiple stakeholders in Africa. • Consultations culminated in the Common African Position (CAP) that was endorsed during the January 2014 AU Summit

25. AFRICA REGIONAL PROCESS ON THE POST 2015 DEVT AGENDA

26. AFRICA REGIONAL PROCESS ON THE POST 2015 DEVT AGENDA • The High Level Committee (HLC) was formed under the chairmanship of H.E president Ellen Johnson Sirleaf to refine the draft CAP and build intercontinental alliances on the priorities identified. • A series of meetings of the HLC Sherpas and the technical working group were held to refine the CAP. • CAP was finalized and presented to January 2014 Summit which endorsed it and requested the HLC to add one more pillar on peace and security, and to meet in Chad to launch the CAP

27. PILLARS OF THE CAP

28. PILLARS OF THE CAP

29. CAP: ENABLING IMPLEMENTATION • Good governance • Human rights/Right to development/Equality and access to justice for all • Private sector development • Sound macroeconomic policies • Strengthening national statistical capacities • Strengthening human and institutional capacities • Effective M&E system • Protection and promotion of traditional Intellectual property

30. NEXT STEPS • Promoting the CAP among African stakeholders to deepen awareness, enhance ownership, and ensure that Africa speaks effectively with one voice at all levels. • Building alliances with other regions and entities on the priorities of the CAP • Preparing for negotiations on the P2015 Development Agenda • Ensuring that CAP priorities are incorporated into P2015 sustainable development agenda

31. CONCLUSION • A lot of effort has been put in the CAP, but a lot more remains to be done. • There is need to ensure that the CAP is pushed forward, and that Africa’s priorities find a place in the P2015 Development Agenda • ECA will continue to work closely with AU and partner institutions to ensure that Africa’s priorities feature in the global agenda.