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Basic Sentence Punctuation

Basic Sentence Punctuation. Types of Sentences. Simple : one independent clause Compound : two or more independent clauses Complex : one independent clause and one or more dependent clauses Compound-complex : two or more independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses. Types of Clauses.

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Basic Sentence Punctuation

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  1. Basic Sentence Punctuation

  2. Types of Sentences • Simple: one independent clause • Compound: two or more independent clauses • Complex: one independent clause and one or more dependent clauses • Compound-complex: two or more independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses

  3. Types of Clauses • A clause contains a subject and a predicate (verb+other elements) • Independent clause: a complete thought • Jack and Jill went up the hill. • Jack fell down and broke his crown. • Dependent clause: an unfinished thought • Subordinate conjunction: When Jack fell down • Relative pronoun: that Jack went up

  4. Simple Sentence:one independent clause • Declarative sentence: • Jack and Jill went up the hill. • Jack fell down and broke his crown. • Interrogative sentence: • Who went up the hill? • Exclamatory sentence: • Jill came tumbling after!

  5. Compound sentences – two or more independent clauses • Connected with a co-ordinate conjunction – and, or, nor, but, yet, so, for: • Jack fell down and Jill came tumbling after. • No co-ordinate conjunction: • Jack fell downJill came tumbling after. , ;

  6. Compound SentencePunctuation Errors • Run-on (ro) sentence: independent clauses connected with a coordinate conjunction but no comma: • Jack fell down and Jill came tumbling after. • Fused (fused) sentence: independent clauses bumping into each other: • Jack fell downJill came tumbling after. • Comma splice (cs): use of a comma where a semi-colon is needed • Jack fell down,Jill came tumbling after.

  7. Complex sentence – one independent clause and one or more dependent clauses • Independent followed by dependent: • Jack broke his crown when he fell down. • Dependent followed by independent: • When Jack fell down he broke his crown. • Dependent inserted into independent: • Jack whofell downthe hillbroke his crown. , , ,

  8. Compound-complex sentence –two or more independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses • When Jack fell down he broke his crown and Jill came tumbling after. , ,

  9. Simple Rules • Independent, andindependent. • Independent; independent. • Dependent,independent. • Independent dependent. Cartoon by Bob Staake

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