Astonishing Connection

1. a        Search … The Astonishing Connection Between Your Mouth And Appendix by Dr Steven Lin | Jul 23, 2015 | Health | open in browser PRO version pdfcrowd.com Are you a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API

2. Don’t need an appendix? Think again. Scientists believe they’ve found the function for the appendix and its adding to the swell of conversation about the intricate role of bacteria in the digestive and immune systems. However, open in browser PRO version pdfcrowd.com Are you a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API

3. probably the biggest surprise, a curious connection to our mouth. The appendix long baffled human physiologists who hastily declared it a useless, Darwinian relic. Why? Because they simply had no clue as to what its purpose could be. Thought only to occur in humans and primates, biologists eventually found it in fact evolved 32 times in separate mammals. The discovery across a range of unrelated species shows there must be a biological function and provided a strong argument against the evolutionary theory on the appendix. It was only in 2007 that new understanding of the microbial role in our body gave rise to the notion that it acts as ‘safe house’ for good bacteria. Next generation bacterial gene sequencing then confirmed the appendix does harbor friendly gut bacteria. Additionally its population consisted of a completely unique microbial niche, including those known to live and cause disease in the mouth. Together with the presence of specialized lymphatic tissue, the appendix forms part of the immune system, working in close communication with microbes. One main function may be to ‘reboot’ the intestinal bacteria after the invasion of disease like dysentery or cholera. But how do we explain the presence of oral bacteria? The mouth and the appendix are certainly at distant ends of the digestive system. Could there be a purposeful system that distributes microbes starting in saliva to distant parts of the body for different uses? We know that at birth our mouth is our first point of bacterial colonisation. It then seeds the gut by seemingly acting as a security guard that allows certain bacteria to enter the microbial population of the stomach. Throughout life our mouth continues to send microbes to the stomach during digestion and swallowing of saliva. Scientists are dubbing this concept the ‘human microbiome’, or our body’s total microbial inhabitants, that seems to function as an entire system. Although we’ve long known the microbial role in dental open in browser PRO version pdfcrowd.com Are you a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API

4. disease like tooth decay, we’re only beginning to learn the influence of the microbiome on nearly every systems. With this, a change in perspective that tells us, rather than an invasion of bad bacteria, dental decay relates to microbial imbalance. Similarly, appendicitis is likely to be representing disparity in the ecological environment of our digestive system. When we consider our inner microbial residents, our current drill and fill treatments of tooth decay and similarly in appendectomies may be failing to address root causes of these diseases. Currently, we have little knowledge in identifying the bacterial imbalances that are likely to reverberate throughout our entire microbiome. The discovery of the bacterial origin of the appendix represents the opening of a new paradigm of health. One that moves towards acknowledgement of the role of our inner bacterial ecosystem in managing all health processes. With a future that considers the presence of disease as an imbalance of the entire human organism, including our microbial inhabitants. References 1. Smith HF,et al. 2009. Comparative anatomy and phylogenetic distribution of the mammalian cecal appendix. J. Evol. Biol. 22:1984–1999 2. Merchant R,et al. 2012. Association between appendectomy and Clostridium difficile infection. J. Clin. Med. Res. 4:17–19 3. Bik EM,et al. 2006. Molecular analysis of the bacterial microbiota in the human stomach. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 103:732–737 4. Diaz PI,et al. 2012. Using high throughput sequencing to explore the biodiversity in oral bacterial communities. Mol. Oral Microbiol. 27:182–201. open in browser PRO version pdfcrowd.com Are you a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API

5. 5. Eckburg PB,et al. 2005. Diversity of the human intestinal microbial flora. Science 308:1635–1638. 6. Guinane, CM, et al. 2013. Microbial composition of human patients following appendectomy. mBio 4(1):e00366-12. Related Posts : The Secret Of How Does The Birth Control Does Gluten Cause open in browser PRO version pdfcrowd.com Are you a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API

6. Nutrition Shapes Your Genes Pill Cause Gum Disease? Dental Decay? Popular Articles The Secret Of How Nutrition Shapes Your Genes Does The Birth Control Pill Cause Gum Disease? Solving The Mystery Of The Appendix The Astonishing Connection Between Your Mouth And Appendix Does Gluten Cause Dental Decay? open in browser PRO version pdfcrowd.com Are you a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API

7. Discover why every disease begins in the mouth and how your diet controls your health destiny Read More E-Books open in browser PRO version pdfcrowd.com Are you a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API

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