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1. Religious vocal music 2. Secular vocal music 3. Instrumental music : 3.1. Instrumental forms 3.2. Instruments 4. Dance in the Renaissance. Índice del libro.
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1. Religious vocal music 2. Secular vocal music 3. Instrumental music: 3.1. Instrumental forms 3.2. Instruments 4. Dance in theRenaissance Índice del libro
The Protestant Reformation was initiated by Martin Luther (1483-1546). His high musical training allowed him to create the chorale, main musical form of his church. The Anglican Reformation. Henry VIII (1491-1547) founded the Anglican Church. The anthem is the Anglican religious form. Religious vocal music The Renaissance is the period between the 15th and 16th centuries. Religious vocal music reflects the division of the Church. The Catholic Counter-Reformation kept the Gregorian chant as the official singing of the Church, bus also developed polyphony, which reache its utmost splendor: the motet and the mass. The most important composers of the Counter are Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina (1525-1594), Orlando di Lasso (1531-1594), Christopher Morales (1500-1553) and Tomás Luis de Victoria (1548-1611).
Secular vocal music The secular vocal music seeks to reflect the expressive meaning of the text through various forms of polyphonic song: Italy: Madrigal France: Chanson The most representative composers: Orlando di Lasso (1531-1594), Carlo Gesualdo (1560-1630) y Claudio Monteverdi (1567-1643). Josquin des Prez (1440- 1521) y Clément Janequin (1485-1558). Spain Romance Villancico Ensalada Cristóbal Morales (1500-1553), Francisco Guerrero (1527-1599), Tomás Luis de Victoria (1548-1611), Juan del Enzina (1469-1529).
Instrumental music 3.1. Instrumentals forms During the Renaissance, intruments and their techniques were improved and, for the first time, some specific composition for instruments appeared. Instrumentals forms: • Adapted pieces from vocal works They keep the typical structure and texture of the original vocal forms, but adapted for instruments The ricercare (derived from the motet) and the canzona (derived from the chanson). • Pieces based on improvisation They can be improvised upon a given melody or “cantus firmus”, or the music can be freely made up. The fantasia and tthe toccata belong to this type. • Pieces based on variation The composer stars with a simple theme that is later repeated with different modification. Variations can be made by transforming the original material or by addings new things.
Main Renaissance instruments: Instrumental music 3.2. Instrumets Instrument families were divided into two categories depending on soun power and not on their timbric or performing similatirities. • Bas music: formed by instruments of soft sound intensity. These were groups intended for indoor performances. • Haut music: formed by instruments with great sound power. These were groups intended for outdoor performances or public events.
Dance in the Renaissance Dance was one of the favorite entertainments of nobility. It counted on one of the most important repertoires of instrumental music. We distinguish two types of dance: Social dance, with the dance pair composed of the pavane and the galliard. Dance theatre, which made room for ballet. Dance in the court of Henry IIII.
