The Latest Diet Trends: Recognizing the Dangers

1. The Latest Diet Trends: Recognizing the Dangers Sarah Tronrud, MS RD Kelly Miller, RD Healthy Utah

2. The Latest Diet Trends: Recognizing the Dangers Authors: Sarah Tronrud, MS RD Kelly Miller, RD

3. Obesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1991-2002 1991 1995 (*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” woman) 2002 No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19% 20%–24% ≥25%

4. Weight Gain Pocket Book Diet Industry’s Pocket Book

5. CDC Report (October 1999) • Americans who complete weight loss programs lose about 10% of their body weight. • BUT, 67% of the lost weight is gained back in 1 year! • And 100% of the lost weight is gained back within 5 years!

6. Carbs Vs. Fats

7. Low-Carb Statistics • About 10 million people are following a low-carb diet • About four times that many people have tried such diets within the last year

8. Dr. Atkins’ New Diet Revolution • Summary -restricts carbohydrates while increasing protein -carbohydrates increase insulin levels and promote fat storage

9. Pros People lose weight and receive benefits of weight loss. If you like meat, eggs and butter, you will be successful on this diet. Hunger is minimized. Cons Lacking in important nutrients. Banishes food groups. Potential constipation. The body needs at least 130 gms carbohydrate/day. Can get bored. Promotes expensive tailor-made foods. No long term studies to show consequences. Dr. Atkins’ New Diet Revolution

10. The South Beach Diet by Arthur Agatston, MD • Summary - Encourages high protein foods and low amounts of “good” types of carbohydrates based on their glycemic index.

11. Pros Encourages fruits, vegetables, lean proteins and minimizes refined sugars. You will lose weight. Will feel satisfied for longer periods of time. Cons Detoxifying stage Banishes certain foods. Promotes misunderstanding of the glycemic index. The South Beach Diet by Arthur Agatston, MD

12. Dr. Phil’s Ultimate Weight Solution • Summary - Promotes behavior modification and taking responsibility to make lifestyle changes to improve overall health.

13. Pros Behavior modification is encouraged. Encourages reconnecting the mind with the body. Focuses on mental health with weight loss as a byproduct. Health expert team approach. Cons Promotes purchase of tailor-made products. Very opinion based. Readers may need more qualified intervention for emotional issues. Dr. Phil’s Ultimate Weight Solution

14. Eat Right 4 Your Type • Summary - Depending on your blood type, you are programmed for certain groups of foods to increase your immune function. • Type O: meat, seafood, fruits and vegetables • Type A: fruits, vegetables, beans, most seafood • Type B: meat, beans, fruits and vegetables • Type AB: seafood, dairy, fruits and vegetables

15. Pros You are allowed fruits and vegetables no matter what blood type. Cons No science behind the theory. Potentially harmful if using in place of medical intervention. Claims it can cure diseases. Might encourage odd food choices for blood type. Eat Right 4 Your Type

16. How do they compare? • Study presented at AHA Scientific Sessions: • Weight Watcher’s, Atkin’s, The Zone, Dr. Dean Ornish’s diet- • all effectively result in weight loss if you follow each step as instructed and stick to it.

17. Looking Long-Term • Maintaining the weight loss • National Weight Control Registry http://www.lifespan.org/services/bmed/wt_loss/nwcr/ • No long term studies of most popular fad diets.

18. Non-Food Trends • Commercial Diet Aids • Dietary Supplement Health Education Act (1994) • Not regulated • Ingredients may be marketed under a different name • Question accuracy of listed amount and actual ingredient • Fitness Gimmicks

19. Misplaced Hope • Potential reasons people turn to fad diets for health. • Self esteem • Easy, quick fix • Encouraged by family and friends who are on the program.

20. Fad Diet Alert! Steer clear of these claims: • Fast, easy weight loss • Breakthrough miracle • Banishes a food or nutrient • Routinely sells vitamins, pills, drinks, etc. • Cure • Uses the terms or phrases: balances hormones, toxic, or enzymatic process

21. Fad Diet Alert! • If it sounds too good to be true it probably is!

23. Healthy Diet Claims • Nutritionally balanced. • Portion control and decreased calories. • Encourages behavioral assessment. • Minimizes excessive hunger and fatigue. • It fits your lifestyle, food budget and food preferences.

24. Healthy Diet Claims • It is easy to follow, no matter where you are. • It forms the basis for lifetime eating. • Encourages regular physical activity and natural movement. • Reinforces positive body image.