Kick Off September 20, 2013

1. Kick OffSeptember 20, 2013 Define the following vocabulary words on your index cards: • Byzantine Empire (p 347) • Justinian I (p 348) • Theodora (p 348) • Icon (p 350) • Orthodox Church (p 351) • Rus (p 357)

2. Byzantine Empire

3. Justinian I • Reigned 527-565 AD • Wanted to recreate Roman Empire • Re-conquered Italy and N. Africa • Faced down rebellion with wife Theodora • Justinian’s Code– organized old laws and added his own

4. Byzantine Empire • Lost land after Justinian, kept Asia Minor & Constantinople • Emperor seen as chosen by God, spiritual and political power • Centered on Greek culture, Christianity • Iconoclast movement • 1054 schism • East – Orthodox, west- Roman Catholic Church

5. Constantinople • Center for East-West trade until 12th Cen. • Many beautiful buildings: palace, Hippodrome • Hagia Sophia – church built w/ dome on 4 pillars, many windows under dome, appeared to float • Invasions by Turks overwhelmed Byzantines • 1096- European Christians went on a ‘crusade’ to help fight the Turks who were also Muslim…thus it became a HOLY WAR. (we will come back to this!!!!) • 1453 – Constantinople falls to Ottoman Turks • Changes name to Istanbul

6. Hagia Sophia

7. Hagia Sophia

8. Orthodox v. Roman Catholic Using p. 350- 351 create a 2-column chart on the differences between the Orthodox Church and Roman Catholic Church

9. After the Quiz… • Read pages 357 – 360 and complete the graphic organizer.

10. The Kievan Rus Objective: Analyze how the Rus affected the early history of Kiev, the factors that helped establish Christianity in Russia, and what people groups attacked Russia.

11. KievanRus- significant figures (use text p. 357-360)

12. Beginnings and Growth: (add all in yellow to notes) • Russian Primary Chronicle tells of the early Slavic peoples, written in 1100s, telling of the people in mid-800AD • Constant fighting, invited the Rus (northern Europeans) to govern • Oleg- 2nd ruler • expanded territory south to Kiev • attacked Constantinople • successful trade union with Byzantines • Slavic regions become formal state- Kievan Rus • Yaroslav the Wise • had religious books translated from Greek into Slavic • Russian law was codified • Regained lost territory; but was crushed when attacked Constantinople • Good relations w/ Western Europe through daughters’ marriages

13. Christianity in Russia • Early Slavic religion- polytheistic based on nature • 863- Cyril and Methodius- • brothers and Greek monks who used the Slavic language to convert Slavs • Developed written alphabet for Slavonic language • Called Cyrillic alphabet • Based on Greek alphabet • Vladimir I- Grand Duke of Kiev converted, married sister of Byzantine emperor • Built libraries, schools, churches • 988- Vlad made Christianity state religion of Kievan Rus • After the Great Schism- • became semi-independent of Orthodox in Constantinople • “Russian Orthodox Church”

15. Kievan Rus Attacked!!! • State weakened internally from land-owning princes • New Grand Prince Andrew Bogolyubsky moves central city away from Kiev (places family in Kiev) • Power no longer centralized, easy to attack • Attacked by: • 1. Mongols(from east under Genghis Khan)- 1223 and were defeated. Kiev falls in 1240 to Mongols. • Alexander Nevsky- encouraged Rus not to rebel against Mongols • Mongols didn’t destroy as much as they did elsewhere as a result • 2. Swedes (from north) in 1240 for trade routes • Alexander Nevsky- surprise attack on Swedes, Rus won! • 3. Teutonic Knights (Germanic military order)- • wanted Rus to convert to Catholicism • 1242- Alex. Nevsky saves Rus again by a “massacre on ice” • 4. The Tartars- ruled Rus after Mongols, until 1480 • Central Asian nomads, spoke Turkish, were Muslims,