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Human Body Systems and Functions

Human Body Systems and Functions. Skeletal Serves as the anchor for all the body’s movements Provides support Protects soft organs inside the body Muscular Provide movement Maintain body temperature Maintain posture Digestive Absorb nutrients Absorb water Remove waste. Respiratory

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Human Body Systems and Functions

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  1. Human Body SystemsandFunctions

  2. Skeletal • Serves as the anchor for all the body’s movements • Provides support • Protects soft organs inside the body • Muscular • Provide movement • Maintain body temperature • Maintain posture • Digestive • Absorb nutrients • Absorb water • Remove waste

  3. Respiratory • To get oxygen from the environment • Remove carbon dioxide and other waste • Urinary • To filter liquid waste from the blood • Circulatory • Deliver oxygen to the body • Immune • Defends against pathogens and disease

  4. Integumentary • Repels water • Guards against disease • Helps maintain homeostasis • Senses the environment • Endocrine • To control the conditions in your body by making and sending chemicals from one part to another. • Nervous • Detects and interprets information • Controls most of the body’s functions

  5. Sample question • Which function summarizes the excretory system? • A. It removes waste • B. It collects oxygen • C. It attacks diseases • D. It delivers nutrients

  6. Human Body SystemsOrgans

  7. Skeletal • Bones • Muscular • Cardiac Muscles – The Heart - Involuntary • Smooth Muscles – Digestive - Involuntary • Skeletal Muscles – Voluntary • Cartilage – cushion between your bones that acts as a shock absorber • Tendons- attaches muscle to bone • Ligaments- attaches bone to bone

  8. Digestive • Salivary Glands – moisten foods and enzymes break down food. • Esophagus – carries food from the throat to the stomach through peristalsis. • Stomach – mix and mash food particles • Small Intestine – nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream. • Large Intestine - absorbs water and some other nutrients • Pancreas – to regulate glucose in the bloodstream • Liver – secretes bile for digestion and removes toxins from the blood. • Gall Bladder – stores bile • Rectum – eliminates waste from the body

  9. Respiratory • Nose – allows oxygen to enter the body • Trachea – connects the throat to the bronchial tubes • Larynx/Voice Box – helps with breathing and sound production • Lungs – responsible for breathing in oxygen and exhaling out CO2 • Bronchial Tubes – branches which connect the trachea to the lungs • Alveoli – tiny sacs (1-cell thick) at the end of the bronchial tubes which exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide within the blood • Ribs – encloses the thoracic cavity • Diaphragm – a large muscle that stretches across the floor of the thoracic cavity

  10. Urinary • Kidneys – filter blood • Ureters – tubes which carry waste from the kidneys to the bladder • Bladder – sac that store liquid waste and has a wall of smooth muscle • Urethra – tube that carries liquid waste outside of the body • Circulatory • Heart – pumps oxygen-poor blood to the lungs and oxygen-rich blood to all parts of the body. • Veins – blood vessels that carry blood toward the heart • Arteries – blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart • Capillaries – tiny blood vessels that connect arteries with veins

  11. Immune 1. Lymph Nodes – acts as a filter or traps foreign particles 2. Spleen – remove old red blood cells and stores blood • Integumentary • Skin • Epidermis – outer layer of skin • Dermis – inner layer of skin • Hair • Nails

  12. Endocrine • Thyroid – Necessary for metabolism • Pancreas – regulates glucose • Adrenal Gland – regulates carbohydrates, proteins, fats, metabolism, water and salt levels • Nervous • Central Nervous System a. Brain b. Spinal Cord 2. Peripheral Nervous System a. Sensory Nerves b. Motor Nerves 3. Autonomic Nervous System – involuntary (heart, stomach) 4. Voluntary Nervous System – voluntary (skeletal muscles)

  13. Human Body SystemsInteractions

  14. Skeletal • Bone Marrow- makes red blood (circulatory) • Rib Cage- protects lungs and heart (respiratory and circulatory) • Muscular – attaches muscles to bones • Muscular • Skeletal – attaches muscles to bones • Circulatory – brings nutrients to the muscles • Digestive – stomach and esophagus (smooth muscles) • Digestive • Endocrine – pancreas • Circulatory – nutrients absorbed in the blood stream • Muscular – stomach and esophagus (smooth muscles)

  15. Respiratory • Circulatory- receives oxygen from the red blood cells • Nervous – controls breathing • Immune – foreign particles in the lungs trigger the immune system to remove particles • Urinary • Endocrine – adrenal glands release chemical to allow kidneys to regulate fluids in the body • Circulatory - blood is cleansed and liquid waste is removed • Muscular – regulate and release urine

  16. Circulatory • Muscular – blood brings nutrients and oxygen to the muscles • Digestive – nutrients in the small intestine are absorbed in the bloodstream • Respiratory – oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged from the blood to the alveoli in the lungs Immune 1. Respiratory - foreign particles in the lungs trigger the immune system to remove particles 2. Skeletal – immune cells are found in bone marrow 3. Digestive – appendix and tonsils help decide what is food or pathogens

  17. Nervous • Muscular – your brain tell your muscles to move • Digestive - triggers the start of digestion and release of many hormones and enzymes throughout your body. • Endocrine – your brain decides when hormones are created

  18. Sample question • How do the respiratory and circulatory systems work together? • A. The respiratory system takes in carbon dioxide, while the circulatory system delivers carbon dioxide to the cells • B. The circulatory system takes in carbon dioxide, while the respiratory system delivers carbon dioxide to the cells • C. The respiratory system takes in oxygen, while the circulatory system delivers oxygen to the cells • D. The circulatory system takes in oxygen, while the respiratory system delivers oxygen to the cells

  19. Sample Question Which function summarizes the excretory system? • It removes waste • It collects oxygen • It attacks diseases • It delivers nutrients

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