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EP and BP Rhythm: Acoustic and Perceptual Evidence

EP and BP Rhythm: Acoustic and Perceptual Evidence. Sónia Frota Universidade de Lisboa Marina Vigário , Fernando Martins. EP and BP in the rhythm typology. I. Correlates of rhythm in the speech signal Frota & Vigário 2001

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EP and BP Rhythm: Acoustic and Perceptual Evidence

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  1. EP and BP Rhythm:Acoustic and Perceptual Evidence Sónia Frota Universidade de Lisboa Marina Vigário, Fernando Martins

  2. EP and BP in the rhythm typology • I. Correlates of rhythm in the speech signal Frota & Vigário 2001 • II. Language discrimination experiments Frota, Vigário & Martins in progress • Goals: • Better understanding of the rhythmic  EP / BP • Clarify the status of ‘mixed’ languages

  3. Background • Traditional view  isochrony (, ´  ,  ) • New approach(Dasher & Bolinger, Daues 1983, 1987, Nespor 1990) • phonological & phonetic properties • syllable structure x y • vowel reduction x y rhythmic s • intonation/stress x y • acoustic correlates reflect p-properties (Ramus et al. 1999) • syllable structure variety/complexity -  C <  C + - %V > %V + • vowel reduction -  V <  V + • Rhythmic continuum or rhythm classes?  perception

  4. EP stress-timed reduced unstressed vowel system phonetic deletion [,u] long C clusters strong contrast ´ /  intonation lingers on stress More stress-timed C >BP, %V<BP, V>BP BP syll.timed/mixed less vowel reduction (no centralisation [,]) vowel epenthesis syllable simplication weaker contrast ´ /  intonation // stress More syllable-timed C<EP, %V>EP, V<EP P-properties: predictions

  5. Materials x I. Correlates of rhythm Frota & Vigário 2001 speakers: Lisbon and S.Paulo 20s-30s

  6. Intonational phrase (I) sentence = I-phrase Why? Lapses and clashes Weight effects (Pepperkamp 1992, Nespor 1999, G&N 1999, F&V 1999) Phrasing variation due to speech rate (slower rate > more Is within a string) Sentence duration EP < BP (*2corpora) Effect on C and V(Grabe & Low 2000) Domain of rhythm

  7. Effect on variability Intervalduration x100 sentence duration standard deviation %C and  %V EP/BP Durational difference

  8. Results: EP  BP • Distinguishing role is played by %V and %C

  9. %V: EP<BP  %C: EP>BP  %V: EP>BP X vowel reduction 1: shorter Vs >  V 2.: no V  V, < %V intrinsic V duration more extreme s in BP phonological phrase lengthening in BP Variation in %V within EP Stress-timed EP/Syl.-timed BP Acoustic results and our predictions

  10. Results: EP and BP in the rhythmic chart • EP: stressed (C) and syllable-timed (%V) mixed • BP: syllable (C) and mora-timed (%V) lang. ?

  11. If so, a rhythmic continuum (Dauer 1987, Nespor 1990, Auer 1991) If not, rhythmic classes EP/BP results (more languages?) Correlation %V, C One of them is enough Conflicting classifications (At least) Both are needed Are mixed languages intermediate languages?

  12. P-properties revisited • Syllable types: syllable-timed languages • p-processes: BP • coda loss • vowel epenthesis • > Generalisation of CV • p-processes: EP • effacement of Vs • > C clusters • Signal cues • / C(C)V/ • p-processes EP BP

  13. II. Language discrimination Frota, Vigário & Martins • EP and BP allow us to test the perceptual weighting of %V and C • EP • %V plays the major role  EP  stress-timed L • C plays the major role  EP  syllable-timed L • Both are equally decisive  EP  stress-timed L EP  syllable-timed L • 2 experiments: EP/BP, Targeting 2 Languages • Test the relevance of intonation

  14. EP/BP source sentences: Rm 15-19 syllables each representative low-pass filtering 400Hz 2 conditions: with F0 without F0 (flat= mean F0) 16 pairs: 6xY=Z;10xYZ Y, Z: different speakers 29 subjects  naive Targeting 2 Languages Dutch, Spanish: RMN EP, BP: Rm 15 or 17 syllables low-pass filtering 400Hz 2 conditions Praat 20 pairs: 4xY=Z (Du/Du; Sp/Sp); 4xDu/Sp; 4xPE/Du; 4xBP/Du; 4xEP/BP 30 subjects  naive Methods

  15. Methods • The story told • Tigre (afro-asian) & Hua (indo-pacific) • Task: Y,Z are from the same or from different Ls • Training • 4 sentences of Tigre (EP, Du) • 4 sentences of Hua (BP, Sp) • 2 Y=Z pairs, 2 YZ pairs • both types, with feedback (5pairs; 8 pairs)

  16. EP/BP: results

  17. EP and BP are discriminated F0 is relevant task feasable better results EP, BP and other languages? Du, SP EP/BP: results

  18. Targeting 2 Languages • Is EP like Du (Tigre) or Sp (Hua) or none? • Is BP like Du or Sp or none? • EP • %V  EP  Du, EP = Sp • C  EP = Du, EP  Sp • Both  problem (inconsistent results) • BP • BP  Du, SP?

  19. Targeting 2 Languages: Results

  20. Targeting 2 Languages • Is EP like Du (Tigre) or Sp (Hua) or none? • Is BP like Du or Sp or none? • EP is Hua • %V EP  Du, EP = Sp is not Tigre • C  EP = Du, EP  Sp • Both  problem (inconsistent results) • BP is Hua • BP  Du, SP?

  21. F0 effect

  22. Acoustic evidence EP  BP (%V, C) EP has mixed rhythm stress ( C)&syll.(%V) BP has mixed rhythm syll.( C)&mora (%V) No problem to the rhythm class hypothesis Test the perceptual weighting of %V and C Perceptual evidence EP  BP (62.9%) F0 is relevant (46.7%) EP, BP, Stress-timed L Syllable-timed L EP  Du (64.3%) %V takes the lead EP BP Conclusion

  23. EP and BP Rhythm:Acoustic and Perceptual Evidence Sónia Frota Universidade de Lisboa Marina Vigário, Fernando Martins Thanks to F.Ramus, L.Wetzels, T.Rietveld, G.Elordieta

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