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HINDU COLLEGE OF PG COURSES CHEMISTRY DEPARTMENT

HINDU COLLEGE OF PG COURSES CHEMISTRY DEPARTMENT. USES OF NMR IN MEDICAL DIAGNOSTICs Presented by, D.Manga Sunanda I.M.S.C Chemistry. CONTENTS. INTRODUCTION BASIC PRINCIPLE DIFFERENT TECHNIQUES APPLICATIONS OF NMR IN MEDICINE CLINICAL APPLICATIONS IN DIAGNOSIS DRUG DEVELOPMENT

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HINDU COLLEGE OF PG COURSES CHEMISTRY DEPARTMENT

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  1. HINDU COLLEGE OF PG COURSES CHEMISTRY DEPARTMENT USES OF NMR IN MEDICAL DIAGNOSTICs Presented by, D.MangaSunanda I.M.S.C Chemistry

  2. CONTENTS • INTRODUCTION • BASIC PRINCIPLE • DIFFERENT TECHNIQUES • APPLICATIONS OF NMR IN MEDICINE • CLINICAL APPLICATIONS IN DIAGNOSIS • DRUG DEVELOPMENT • NMR Nobel prize laureates

  3. INTRODUCTION • BASIC PRINCIPLE IN NMR • Atomic nuclei – tiny magnets • In external magnetic field - allign or oppose • If irradiated with EMR of proper frequency – Resonance √ αβo PARAMETERS • Chemical shifts • Spin lattice relaxation time

  4. DIFFERENT TECHNIQUES • Based on nuclei • H1 NMR • C13 NMR • F13 NMR & P31 NMR • N15 NMR & O17 NMR • CWNMR • FTNMR • 2D_NMR &3D_NMR • COSY _CORRELATION SPECTROSCOPY • MRI_MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING • ESR_ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY

  5. APPLICATIONS OF NMR IN MEDICINE CLINICAL APPLICATION OF PROTON IMAGING IN DIAGNOSIS BRAIN Distinguishing gray matter & white matter Imaging posterior fossae, brain stem, spinal cord Detect demyelinating lesions, tumors, hemorrhages, infarctions

  6. ABDOMEN • Metabolic liver disease • Measures liver iron over load in hemochromatosis • Focal areas of inflammation in chronic active hepatisis KIDNEYS • Distinguishing renal cortex & medulla • To evaluate transplanted kidney PELVIS • Differentiates between Benign prostatic hyperplasia & prostatic carcinoma • Detects bladder tumours

  7. MEDIASTINUM, HILUM, LUNG • Assessing abnormalities • Respiratory gating HEART • Tomographic images of heart muscle, chambers, valvular structures • ECHO-PLANAR TECHNIQUE • Discrimination between infarcted, ischemic & normal myocardium BREAST • 3D-NMR & single-slice planar imaging in detecting breast abnormalities

  8. MUSCULO SKELETAL SYSTEM Demonstrates Osteo myelitis, tumor metastasis in vertebral bodies & pelvic bones Images of muscles, tendons, ligaments BLOOD VESSELS & FLOW Atherosclerotic vascular disease Assess blood flow in major vessels. INVIVO SPECTROSCOPY Chemical shift phenomenon Diagnosis of rare disease to inborn errors-Mc Ardle’s syndrome INVIVO Analysis of Bone flouride content.

  9. PUTTING NMR IMAGING INTO PERSPECTIVE • Eliminates risk of x-radiation • Excellent spatial & contrast resolution • Detecting diseases at earlier stages

  10. NMR IN PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH • Leading technology for 3-D structure determination of bio-macromolecules • Studying protein structure • SAR by NMR – Novel lead compounds • Chemical shift mapping – Structural information on the binding modes and site positions • Molecular dynamics, conformational analysis • SHAPES • NMR – SOLVE

  11. Structural genomics • Identifying gene products in disease • Targets of drug design. Development of Novel drug delivery systems Enhancing HTS assays • Thousands of compounds • Cryogenic NMR technology / cryoprobes

  12. NMR Nobel Prize Laureates • The Nobel Prize in Physics 1943, Ohostern, USA – Discovery of magnetic moment of proton • The Nobel Prizein Physics 1952- IsidorJ. Rafi,USA – Discovery of new methods for nuclear magnetic precision • The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1991 – Felix Bloch, USA and Edward M. Purcell, USA – Methodology of high resolution NMR. • The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2002 – Kurt Wuthrich, Switzerland – Determining 3-D Structure by NMR. • The Nobel Prize in Medicine 2003 – Paul C. Lauterbur, USA and Peter Mans field, U.K. – Discoveries concerning MRI.

  13. THANKING YOU

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