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ICT 512 - Advanced Web Technologies

ICT 512 - Advanced Web Technologies. Lecture 1: Introduction Shakeel A. Khoja. Course outline 1/2. * Current Web data standards o XML, XSL, XLink, DOM, SMIL o Processing XML documents o Deploying XML data * Current Web metadata standards

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ICT 512 - Advanced Web Technologies

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  1. ICT 512 - Advanced Web Technologies Lecture 1: Introduction Shakeel A. Khoja

  2. Course outline 1/2 * Current Web data standards o XML, XSL, XLink, DOM, SMIL o Processing XML documents o Deploying XML data * Current Web metadata standards o RDF, RDF-SCHEMA o Ontologies, Dublin Core o Metadata processing o Surfing the semantic web

  3. Course outline 2/2 * Hypertext Linking o Open Hypermedia philosophy o Hypertext history o The Missing Link: problems and solutions * Web Site Construction o Hypermedia Engineering o Hypermedia Development Methods o Hypermedia Development Techniques o Web Site Maintenance o Case study * Web Searching o Information retrieval history o Search engine algorithms o Case studies: Harvest, Google.

  4. Books and references Text Book: Munindar P. Singh and Michael N. Huhns, Service Oriented Computing Semantics, Processes, Agents, 2005, John Wiley. Reference Books: • Leon Shklar and Rich Rosen, Web Application Architecture, 2nd Edition, JWI. • Rosenfeld L, Information Architecture for the World Wide Web, 2nd Edition, O'Reilly 2002 • Deitel, Deitel and Goldberg, Internet and World Wide Web - How To Program, 3rd Edition, Prentice Hall 2004 • Gerti Kappel, Birgit Proll, Siegfried Reich, Werner Retschitzegger, Web Engineering, JWI 2006 • Various WWW sources

  5. Assessment Strategy

  6. Enter 21st Century!

  7. Our Information Landscape Image from: http://www.socialmedia.biz/images/masssocialmedia.png

  8. The Future of Information Image from: http://novaspivack.typepad.com/nova_spivacks_weblog/metaweb_graph.JPG

  9. What do you think? What is 21st Century Business? Buyers and sellers who are: • Effective Learners • Effective Collaborators • Effective Creators Image from: http://www.uniquecare.org/Collaborate%20250.jpg

  10. 21st Century Learners: • Lifelong learners • Can learn how to learn • Independent learners • Metacognitive • Intrinsically motivated • Focus on self improvement Image from: http://flickr.com/photos/akaicker/38149570/

  11. 21st Century Collaborators: • Are effective communicators. • Are socially and culturally aware. • Take responsibility for their role. • Are flexible. Image from: http://flickr.com/photos/wainwright/351684037/.

  12. 21st Century Collaborators: • Are able to delegate or share responsibility when necessary. • Are equally comfortable as either leaders or participants. • Appreciate and internalize the essential interdependence of being part of society. Image from: http://flickr.com/photos/pedrosimoes7/1301014184/

  13. 21st Century Creators: • Effectively analyze and synthesize. • Originality, innovative and creative contributors to society. • “think outside the box”. • Systems thinkers. • Goal oriented and productive. • Demonstrate ethical responsibility. Image from: http://flickr.com/photos/jimfrazier/525695141/

  14. Why Go Global? • “The World is Flat” • We are no longer bound by four walls of classroom • Authentic development experiences Image from: http://www.csupomona.edu/~sfenglehart/%20Hst%20Images%20/Berlin%20Wall.JPEG

  15. Why Go Global? • Learning (and life) is networked, digital, connected. • Create an authentic classroom environment. Image from: http://www.psychologicalscience.org/observer/2006/0306/images/old_classroom.jpg

  16. Why Go Global? • Power of networks Screen Shot from: Chrissy Hellyer @ Teaching Sagittarian: http://teachingsagittarian.edublogs.org/

  17. New Interfaces? • Tap into the energy that people are bringing through new interfaces. Image from: http://flickr.com/photos/bigduke6/90086641/

  18. The Technology Toolbox • How to pick the right tools for the job Image from: http://flickr.com/photos/mamabarns/747588843/

  19. The Technology Toolbox

  20. ToolBox: Blogs When to use a blog: • individual reflection seeking feedback Grade 5 Student Blog: http://heejae.learnerblogs.org/

  21. ToolBox: Blogs Features of a blog: • Entries posted in consecutive order, newest on top • Comments from readers extend classroom learning • Personal journal Grade 5 Student Blog: http://heejae.learnerblogs.org/

  22. ToolBoox: Wikis When to use a wiki • collaborative knowledge building Grade 6 Student Wiki: http://ancientafricah.wikispaces.com

  23. ToolBox: Social Networking When to use Social Networks • Connecting students and teachers Grade 4 Flat Classroom Project: http://connectedclassroom.ning.com/

  24. Collaborative Multimedia • creative representation of ideas Sample VoiceThread: http://voicethread.com/#home.b6073.i45532

  25. ToolBox: VoIP When to use VoIP • Communicating with personal learning network • Connecting on a personal level

  26. ToolBox: VoIP Features of VOIP • Audio/video e-mail • Audio/video chat • Recording discussions 7th Grade YackPack

  27. The Ultimate Goal • Learning anytime, anywhere. • Develop a global Personal Learning Network • Communicate, Connect and Collaborate Image from: http://prblog.typepad.com/strategic_public_relation/images/2007/06/22/simple_social_network.png

  28. Chapter 1:Computing with Services Service-Oriented Computing: Semantics, Processes, Agents– Munindar P. Singh and Michael N. Huhns, Wiley, 2005

  29. Service-Oriented Computing: Semantics, Processes, Agents - Munindar Singh and Michael Huhns Highlights of this Chapter • Visions for the Web • Open Environments • Services Introduced • The Evolving Web • Standards Bodies

  30. Service-Oriented Computing: Semantics, Processes, Agents - Munindar Singh and Michael Huhns The Web As It Is Not easy to program • Designed for people to get information • Focuses on visual display (as in HTML) • Lacks support for meaning • Supports low-level interactions • HTTP is stateless • Processing is client-server • Creates avoidable dependencies among what should be independent components

  31. Service-Oriented Computing: Semantics, Processes, Agents - Munindar Singh and Michael Huhns The Web As It Is Becoming • Enable interactions autonomous, heterogeneous parties (information providers and users) • Go beyond visual display to capture meaning  Semantic Web • Support standardized interfaces  Web services • Support complex activities  processes • Support rich interactions among autonomous parties  agents

  32. Service-Oriented Computing: Semantics, Processes, Agents - Munindar Singh and Michael Huhns Historical View of Services over the Web

  33. Service-Oriented Computing: Semantics, Processes, Agents - Munindar Singh and Michael Huhns Viewpoints on Services • Traditionally, a capability that is provided and exploited, often but not always remotely • Networking: bundle of bandwidth-type properties • Telecom: features (caller ID, forwarding) • Systems: operational functions (billing, storage); parceled up into operation-support systems • Web or Grid: Web pages or Grid resources • Wireless: Wireless access; messaging • By contrast, we treat services as resembling real-life services or business partners

  34. Service-Oriented Computing: Semantics, Processes, Agents - Munindar Singh and Michael Huhns What is a Web Service? • A piece of business logic accessible via the Internet using open standards (Microsoft) • Encapsulated, loosely coupled, contracted software functions, offered via standard protocols (DestiCorp) • A set of interfaces providing a standard means of interoperating between different software applications, running on a variety of platforms and frameworks (W3C) Our working definition: A service is functionality that can be engaged

  35. Service-Oriented Computing: Semantics, Processes, Agents - Munindar Singh and Michael Huhns Scope Includes wherever Internet and Web technologies are employed • Internet • Intranet: network restricted within an enterprise • Extranet: private network restricted to selected enterprises • Virtual Private Network (VPN): a way to realize an intranet or extranet over the Internet

  36. Service-Oriented Computing: Semantics, Processes, Agents - Munindar Singh and Michael Huhns Service Composition • Vision • Specify and provide services independently, hiding implementations • Use services in combination in novel ways • Going beyond the idea of a passive object • Obviously desirable and challenging • But is this what we want? • Can or should implementations be hidden? • What about organizational visibility? • How to assess risk? How to handle exceptions?

  37. Service-Oriented Computing: Semantics, Processes, Agents - Munindar Singh and Michael Huhns Applications of Composable Services • Portals • Legacy system interoperation • E-commerce • Virtual enterprises • Grid computing

  38. Service-Oriented Computing: Semantics, Processes, Agents - Munindar Singh and Michael Huhns Autonomy Independence of business partners (users and organizations) • Political reasons • Ownership of resources • Control, especially of access privileges • Payments • Technical reasons • Opacity of systems with respect to key features, e.g., precommit in distributed databases

  39. Service-Oriented Computing: Semantics, Processes, Agents - Munindar Singh and Michael Huhns Heterogeneity Independence of component designers and system architects • Political reasons • Ownership of resources • Technical reasons • Conceptual problems in integration • Fragility of integration • Difficult to guarantee behavior of integrated systems

  40. Service-Oriented Computing: Semantics, Processes, Agents - Munindar Singh and Michael Huhns Dynamism • Independence of system administrators • Needed because the parties change • Architecture and implementation • Behavior • Interactions • Make configurations dynamic to improve service quality and maintain flexibility

  41. Service-Oriented Computing: Semantics, Processes, Agents - Munindar Singh and Michael Huhns Locality: How to Handle the Above • Reduce sharing of data and metadata to reduce inconsistencies and anomalies • Reduce hard-coding, which reflects out-of-band agreements among programmers • Bind dynamically to components • Use standardized formats to express data • Express important knowledge as metadata • Use standardized languages to express metadata • Relax consistency constraints • Obtain remote knowledge only when needed • Correct rather than prevent violations of constraints: often feasible

  42. Service-Oriented Computing: Semantics, Processes, Agents - Munindar Singh and Michael Huhns System Architectures: Centralized Terminal 3270 Terminal Terminal Terminal Terminal Mainframe Terminal Terminal Terminal Terminal Terminal Terminal

  43. Service-Oriented Computing: Semantics, Processes, Agents - Munindar Singh and Michael Huhns System Architectures: Client-Server Workstation Client PC Client PC Client PC Client E-Mail Server Web Server Database Server Master-Slave

  44. Service-Oriented Computing: Semantics, Processes, Agents - Munindar Singh and Michael Huhns System Architectures: Peer-to-Peer Application Application Application Application E-Mail System Web System Database System

  45. Service-Oriented Computing: Semantics, Processes, Agents - Munindar Singh and Michael Huhns System Architectures: Cooperative Agent Application Application Application Agent Agent Agent Application Agent Agent E-Mail System Agent Agent Database System Web System (Mediators, Proxies, Aides, Wrappers)

  46. Service-Oriented Computing: Semantics, Processes, Agents - Munindar Singh and Michael Huhns Chapter 1 Summary • Evolving perspectives on the Web • Evolutions in IT architectures • Open environments challenge some fundamental assumptions of computer science • Autonomy • Heterogeneity • Dynamism • Services, if understood correctly, can support IT in open environments

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