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Establishing the Carolina Colony

Establishing the Carolina Colony. Virginia Company given original Charter to settle NC Problem – No records to show Carolina as controlled by Viriginia company 1622 – John Pory Explores northeastern NC Finds fruitful land (good for farming)

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Establishing the Carolina Colony

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  1. Establishing the Carolina Colony • Virginia Company given original Charter to settle NC • Problem – No records to show Carolina as controlled by Viriginia company • 1622 – John Pory • Explores northeastern NC • Finds fruitful land (good for farming) • Finds forests – Pine trees were perfect for making ships • Naval stores (products from pine trees) • Discovered Native Americans were eager to trade, the Natives had copper, a valuable trade good • Northeastern NC has much potential

  2. Carolana • King James is unhappy with Virginia Company • King James cancels the VA company’s charter • Sir Robert Heath given new grant • Starts new colony called Carolana (named for King Charles I) • Colony consisted of land just north of Florida to the modern daycity of Edenton, NC • Efforts to attract English settlers to Carolana fail

  3. Who is attracted to NC? • Not the Enlgish, but who? • Colonists from Virginia who were searching for better land make their way to Carolana • Restless explorers • 1660s -500 people have settled in the area of Carolana • Problems • No real government • Events in England – King Charles II had to pay debt to those who helped him gain power • King Charles II repays his debt by...

  4. King Charles II Repays Debt • Kings Charles repays his loyal friends • Land is granted (given) to the Lords Proprietors • Lords Proprietors (owners or rulers of English Land) • This territory was now called Carolina • Carolina grant • Land granted to 8 Lords Proprietors • Area of Land Grant • From Chesapeake, VA south to Florida, • From the Outer Banks to Pacific Ocean • Lords Proprietors • 8 • Had lots of power • Nobility / Rich class • Given rights to Establish towns and cities • Required to give colonists the same rights as Englishmen

  5. Carolina Law • Made with the advice (help) of the Freemen • If not made by Freemen, laws were made by the elected representatives in the assembly • Fundamental Orders of Carolina • A code of law for the Colony of Carolina • Intended to Protect Property Rights of colonists and encourage settlement • Had little effect because of the influence and power of England’s Lords Proprietors • Document was never actually approved in the colonial Assembly

  6. First Counties of NC • Proprietors began to establish counties • Proprietors established governments because • They wanted people to settle NC • They wanted England to profit from settlement • They wanted their land to be safe • They wanted to personally profit from their ventures • Oh…one of the Proprietors, Sur William Berkeley was governor of Virginia. • Berkeley did not want his share of Carolina to be hurt by Virginia’s claims • Berkeley grants land to settlers in the Albemarle region (around the Albmarle Sound) • First 3 counties established • Albemarle County (grew slowly) • Clarendon County (failed) • Craven County (settled in 1670)

  7. Establishing government in NC • Governor (overall leader of colonial government) • Appointed by the Proprietors • Not elected • Must carry out Proprietors wishes • Held office as long as Proprietors desired • Determine how to pay for the costs of running the colony • First type of elected government was the Assembly • Assembly had 2 houses (Upper House & Lower House) • Upper House – The Council (appointed by Proprietors) • Lower House – The Assembly (elected by the people) • Representatives (people are were elected to serve in government) • Had to be male and own land • Assembly’s Job: • Make laws • Set governors salary

  8. Political Parties • Political Party - Group of persons organized to acquire and exercise political power. • NC’s First Political Parties • Prerogative Party • Governor, the Council, anyone who owed their position to the Lords Proprietors • Popular Party • Settlers, people who had settled prior to (before) the Lords Proprietors took over • Often rebelled (went against) unfair orders given by the Lords Proprietors

  9. Discussion Questions • Why was the area of Carolina first settled? • What is a naval store? Why are these important in shipbuilding? • Who was Sir Robert Heath? Was he successful in attracting settlers to his colony? • What types of people eventually settled northeastern NC? • What is a Lord Proprietor? Who were the 8 Lord’s Proprietors of the Carolina Colony? • Why did the Lords Proprietors want to establish government so quickly? • Describe the first government of the Carolina Colony. • What were the qualifications (requirements) to be elected to the Assembly? • Why did political parties develop in NC?

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