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Outdoor Air Toxics: Within-community Spatial Variations and Contributions to Personal Exposure

Outdoor Air Toxics: Within-community Spatial Variations and Contributions to Personal Exposure . Junfeng (Jim) Zhang, PhD School of Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute UMDNJ and Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey Workshop on Air Toxics

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Outdoor Air Toxics: Within-community Spatial Variations and Contributions to Personal Exposure

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  1. Outdoor Air Toxics: Within-community Spatial Variations and Contributions to Personal Exposure Junfeng (Jim) Zhang, PhD School of Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute UMDNJ and Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey Workshop on Air Toxics October 17-18, 2005 Houston, Texas

  2. Note The viewgraphs posted on the website have been modified from those actually presented at the workshop. The slides containing unpublished specific data from the RIOPA study have been deleted.

  3. Link between Outdoor Pollutant and Personal Exposure Work place In-transit Personal activity Outdoor source Outdoor conc. Personal exposure Indoor residence Outdoor residence Community “average”

  4. Aims Using the RIOPA study data, to 1. examine within-community spatial variation in outdoor concentrations of VOCs and carbonyls, in relation to outdoor sources 2. estimate outdoor contributions to indoor levels for urban residences 3. assess residential environmental impact on total personal exposure concentrations

  5. Aim 1: Study Area

  6. Location of Major Roadways

  7. Location of Gasoline Stations

  8. Location of Dry Cleaners

  9. Location of Point Sources

  10. Location of Samplers

  11. Findings from Proximity Analyses • Proximity and the meteorological variables explained 16 to 42 % of overall variations of the ambient VOCs concentrations in the yards of the RIOPA homes in Elizabeth, NJ. • Meteorological conditions were more important, for explaining variations of the model-predicted VOCs concentrations, than proximity variables. • The predicted concentrations increased with distance decrease between residence to emission sources only within very close proximity (<200 m).

  12. Aim 2: Outdoor Contribution to Indoor Levels

  13. Aim 3: Residential Outdoor/Indoor Measurements vs. Personal Measurements

  14. Time-weighted Personal Exposure Cin, Cout: Measured carbonyl concentrations in residential indoor and outdoor environment Tin, Tout: Time subject spent in residential indoors and residential outdoors during the 48-hour exposure Pe: Estimated time-weighted 48-hr personal carbonyl exposure concentration

  15. Findings from Pm vs. Pe • Significant correlations were found between personal measurements and the time-weighted model estimates for most of the carbonyls. • However, the model can predict no more than 60% of the total variance (R2), indicating the insufficiency of using only residential microenvironment data to estimate personal exposure.

  16. Acknowledgements RIOPA Participants Funding Agencies • Mickey Leland National Urban Air Toxics Center • Health Effects Institute • US EPA RIOPA Team • Clifford Weisel, Barbara Turpin, Maria T. Morandi, Steve Colome, Thomas H. Stock, Dalia M. Spektor, Arthur Winer, Shahnaz Alimokhtari, Krishnan Mohan, Robert Harrington, Robert Giovanetti, William Cui, Masoud Afshar, Silvia Maberti, Derek Shendell, Qing Yu Meng, Adam Reff, Andrea Polridori, Robert Porcja, Yelena Naumova, Jong Hoon Lee, Lin Zhang, Tina Fan, Jennifer Jones, L Farrar, Yingrid Blossiers, Marian Fahrey, etc

  17. Thank you!

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