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MARPOL Annex VI

MARPOL Annex VI. TRIPARTITE TOKYO 20th SEPTEMBER 2007. IMO & UNILATERAL LEGISLATION ON LOW SULPHUR MARINE FUELS. ALTERNATIVES on SOx & PM. A. Base Line - No change in SOx regulations B. Global + Regional (SECA) + port (mini SECAs) different S cap values :

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MARPOL Annex VI

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  1. MARPOL Annex VI TRIPARTITE TOKYO 20th SEPTEMBER 2007

  2. IMO & UNILATERAL LEGISLATION ON LOW SULPHUR MARINE FUELS

  3. ALTERNATIVES on SOx & PM • A. Base Line - No change in SOx regulations • B. Global + Regional (SECA) + port (mini SECAs) different S cap values: • (possible lower) Global S cap & lower S cap in SECAs • USA – [0.1%] S cap up to [200] nm from shore • BIMCO proposal – 3% global S cap; 1% 0.5% MDO in SECAs or scrubbers • C. GLOBAL S CAP (no SECA): • Mandate 1% 0.5% MDO for all ships • Global S cap or emissions limit but leave the industry to choose compliance method

  4. EXPERIENCE WITH SECA • So far, complinace by LSFO • Switch from HFO to LSFO depends on the ship’s bunker storage capacity and lay-out • Standard designs (1 settling & 1 service tanks) provide little flexibility • Depending on initial S % of the HFO, fuel switch in at least 48 hrs • 60 hours from HFO with 4.04% S to LSFO with 1.3% S

  5. SWITCH SEQUENCE IN BASIC DESINGS • Stop HFO transfer from storage to settling tanks (1 to 3 days prior to entry into SECA) • Settling tank empty – start transfer of LSFO to the settling tank • Service tanks almost empty of HFO – start feeding LSFO from settling tank (some 6 hours before entry into SECA) • Cylinder oil feeding rate adjusted or switch to a lower BN cylinder oil • Continuous crew attendance/monitoring

  6. Wärtsila – Low Sulphur Guidelines, 9 January 2006

  7. FUEL SWITCH OVERBETTER SOLUTIONS • Simpler for ships with 2 settling & 2 service tanks (few hours) • Complete segregation between HFO & LSFO systems reduces the fuel switch over to matter of minutes and permits automatic control • Complete segregation = no risk of incompatibility between HFO & LSFO blends

  8. Wärtsila – Low Sulphur Guidelines, 9 January 2006

  9. SECAs & CHANGE OVER AREAS Source: http://maps.google.com/ Changeover Area MAY 2006 AUGUST 2007

  10. SECAs & CHANGE OVER AREAS Source: http://maps.google.com/ New Changeover Area

  11. HOW MANY MORE SECAs? 2012? 2012? ??? ??? 2012? 2012? IMPACT ON A LARGE NUMBER OF SHIPS

  12. Wärtsila – Low Sulphur Guidelines, 9 January 2006

  13. Wärtsila – Low Sulphur Guidelines, 9 January 2006

  14. SCRUBBERS Scrubbers for Pride of Kent • - large space required in the ship’s funnel; • for a main engine of 20 MW, sea water up to 22,000 t/day need to be processed (45t/hr/MW*) • - up to 100 kg/day of hazardous sludge (5kg/day/MW*) * data supplied by Krystallon

  15. CONCLUSIONS • Alternative solutions may require new installations and new operations • Design standardisation for safe & simpler operation • Expected contributions from: • Ship operators • Ship designers • Classification Soceities • Future Tripartite cooperation

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