Integration of Forward Detectors, ZDC, and CASTOR into CMS Experiments

1. Integration of Forward Detectors, ZDC, and CASTOR into CMS Experiments Kevin Reynolds Michael Murray, Mentor 2006 Michigan REU at CERN

2. Primary Goals for This Project • Assist in the integration of forward detectors, ZDC, and CASTOR into CMS experiment • Work on layout of electronics for ZDC and modification of existing CMS HF electronics to produce technical triggers for CMS global trigger • Assist with beam tests of ZDC and CASTOR and the analysis of the test beam data

3. Integration of the Zero Degree Calorimeter • The main components for the detector should be received at CERN by mid July2006 • Beam tests begin the first week of August 2006 ZDC2 INTERACTION POINT ZDC1 2

4. Preparation for Beam Tests • The upper part of the beamline sensitive to Cherenkov raditation was disassembled and the lens checked for contaminants. The photomultipler tube was then reassembled, vacuumed down, and refilled with freon gas. The pressure for the tube held over night, a good indication that the chamber was hermetically sealed. (6-28-06) Cherenkov detector Scintillators Wire Chambers Beamline 6

5. Electronic Layout • Before the parts for the ZDC are received in July for installation, system checks are being made with the wire chambers and scintillators at the test area. 8

6. Cherenkov Radiation • Cherenkov radiation is emitted when high-energy particles travel faster than light in certain mediums other than vaccum. Atoms in the medium become excited and give off their energy with short fluorescent decay. The radiation is emitted in a narrow cone, similar to a sonic boom in air. In our experiments, a mirror collects the radiation which usually is emitted in blue to near ultraviolet (300-425 nm). The shift of wavelength is known as the Stokes-shift. The Cherenkov light is emitted under a constant angle given by cos θ = vt / v = c/ (vn) = 1/ (βn). Cherenkov Radiation Sonic Boom 7