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LATEX

LATEX. Fergus Toolan Intelligent Information Retrieval Group University College Dublin. What is Latex?. Latex appeared in 1982 as an extension to TeX. TeX was created in 1978 by Donald Knuth (The Art of Computer Programming) It is a typesetting language.

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LATEX

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  1. LATEX Fergus Toolan Intelligent Information Retrieval Group University College Dublin

  2. What is Latex? • Latex appeared in 1982 as an extension to TeX. • TeX was created in 1978 by Donald Knuth (The Art of Computer Programming) • It is a typesetting language. • Especially good for Mathematical documents.

  3. Components • Latex file: This is where you write your Latex commands and the document text. Use a .tex extension. • DVI file: The file generated when the .tex file is compiled. (DeVice independent) • EPS: Encapsulated Postscript used for graphics. • PDF: Portable Document Format.

  4. Latex Commands • \command_name{parameter list} • Some include • \textbf{Hello World} • \emph{Hello World} • \cite{toolan2003} • \\ • \title{Latex Guide}

  5. Beginning a document \documentclass[times,10pt,twocolumn]{article} • This gives us a document using Times new Roman in 10pt font. • The document contains two columns • It is of class article – others include book, report (used for a thesis – or final year report)

  6. Packages • Like programming languages Latex imports alot of extra functionality. • To do this: \usepackage{package_name} • The only one you are likely to need is graphicx • \usepackage{graphicx}

  7. Beginning the document • Now we are ready to begin the document properly. • \begin{document} • Like blocks of code in programming a begin directive must be followed by an end directive. • At the end so put \end{document}

  8. The Title \title{Essay Title} \author{Fergus Toolan \\ Student No: 12345678 \\ Login ID: s00bfxxx \\ Email: fergus.toolan@ucd.ie } \maketitle

  9. Comments in Latex • Like all programming languages sometimes comments are essential. • The % is the comment character • Anything appearing after % is ignored by Latex. • %----------------------- often used to divide sections for human readers.

  10. % in Latex • % is the comment character but what happens if we wish to print a % sign. • It must be escaped. • To escape a character in latex use \ (like Java) • So to print a % the latex command is \%

  11. The Abstract • the abstract is standard in all scientific papers and reports. It is a brief (< 100 words) synopsis of the paper. • To write an abstract: \begin{abstract} text goes here \end{abstract}

  12. Sections • Sections provide some form of organisation for a report. • \section{Introduction} • Subsections • \subsection{Name of Subsection}

  13. Formatting • Paragraphs. • Hitting the return key twice will begin a new paragraph EG: This is paragraph 1. This is paragraph 2.

  14. Formatting • Newlines • \\ gives a new line. However this must occur on a line with some text on it. Correct: We need a new line \\ Incorrect: We need a new line \\

  15. Formatting • Fonts: • \emph{text} emphasis i.e. italics • \textbf{text} Bold Face. • It is considered very bad practice to use underlines in Latex documents. • This is a throwback to old manually typesetting.

  16. Figures • When a figure – image, equation, algorithm etc appears it has a caption and a number. • \begin{figure} %Equation algorithm image etc.... \caption{\label{eg_fig}This is the eg figure} \end{figure}

  17. Figures The previous example will appear as... Picture or equation appears here. Figure 1: This is the eg figure.

  18. Figures • To refer to a figure in text use: As can be seen in Figure \ref{eg_fig} the values.... Hence Latex worries about the number not the person writing the document.

  19. Graphics • \includegraphics{filename.eps} • Normally inside a figure. • Encapsulated Postscript format • convert orig_file new_file • Or can be created in PSP or Fireworks.

  20. References • All scientific documents must contain references. \begin{thebibliography}[99] \bibitem{toolan2004} Toolan, F. ``A guide to Latex’’, 2004. \end{thebibliography}

  21. References • To then refer to the reference we use the following. In the guide to latex \cite{toolan2004} Toolan stated that.... It is essential to reference correctly.

  22. Compiling • To generate a PDF file use the following commands • latex file.tex • latex file.tex (must do this twice) • xdvi file.dvi (will view the dvi file.) • dvipdf file.dvi (will create the PDF file) • xpdf file.pdf (to view the PDF file)

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