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Literary Devices in Poetry

Literary Devices in Poetry. Day 1. Diction . the writer’s, speaker’s, or narrator’s choice of words Ex: If the speaker of a poem is a child, the author would chose words a child would use, such as “mommy” or “potty”. Denotation.

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Literary Devices in Poetry

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  1. Literary Devices in Poetry

  2. Day 1

  3. Diction • the writer’s, speaker’s, or narrator’s choice of words • Ex: If the speaker of a poem is a child, the author would chose words a child would use, such as “mommy” or “potty”

  4. Denotation • The most specific or direct meaning of a word: the “dictionary” definition/meaning of a word • Ex: the word cool means: moderately cold; neither warm nor cold • No hidden meanings in the words

  5. Connotation • The set of associations implied by a word in addition to its literal meaning; slang meanings; all stereotypes & feelings associated • Ex: cool can also mean: great; fine; excellent • Words may have hidden or double meanings

  6. Denotation vs. Connotation • House vs. Home • Girl vs. Woman

  7. Dialect • way of speaking for a group of people • Ex: I’s jus kiddin’

  8. Dialogue • words directly spoken by the character • For internal dialogue: words thought by the character • Ex: She said, “that will be fine.” • Ex: I would love that she thought

  9. “This is Just to Say” by William Williams I have eaten the plums that were in the icebox and which you were probably saving for breakfast Forgive me they were delicious so sweet and so cold

  10. Last Word by Peter Davison When I saw your head bow, I knew I had beaten you. You shed no tears—not near me—but held your neck Bare for the blow I had been too frightened Even to deliver, even in words. And now, In spite of me, plummeting it came. Frozen we both waited for its fall. Most of what you gave me I have forgotten With my mind but not taken into my body, But this I remember well: the bones of your neck And the strain in my shoulders as I heaved up that huge Double blade and snapped my wrists to swing The handle down and hear the axe’s edge Nick through your flesh and creak into the block.

  11. Excerpt from Violets by D.H. lawrence Sister, tha knows while we was on the planks  Aside o' th' grave, while th' coffin wor lyin' yet On th' yaller clay, an' th' white flowers top of it   Tryin' to keep off'n him a bit o' th' wet, An' parson makin' haste, an' a' the black   Huddlin' close together a cause o' th' rain, Did t''appen ter notice a bit of a lass away back   By a head-stun, sobbin' an' sobbin' again!

  12. Poem… • Internment by Juliet S. Kono (p. 437)

  13. Your assignment 1. Write a poem using only denotative word meanings **at least 20 words 2. Find a published poem that contains connotative word meanings and highlight the words and express the meanings **at least 30 words

  14. Table on Contents List all poems and page numbers Page 1 needs to have: ALL definitions in alphabetical order And page number for each example In your folder…

  15. Next page: Poems labeled “connotation” and “denotation” poems • on same or separate pages

  16. Denotation Poem:Connotation Poem: Homework Mirror, Mirror by: Katherine Foreman I come home after school My game face is blue. begin working on I must put it back on, see MY HOMEWORK How much of my glory was real “Why?” I cry, “do we have And how much fever. So much homework?” I hate homework. blue=team color and sad back on=literally repaint and figuratively bring back the emotion glory=excitement fever=uncontrollable excitement

  17. Connotation Poem: Mirror, Mirror by: Katherine Foreman blue=team color and sad My game face is blue. must put it back on, see literally repaint and figuratively bring How much of my glory was real back the emotion And how much fever. glory=excitement fever=uncontrollable excitement

  18. Table on Contents page Definitions 1 Denotation Poem 2 Connotation Poem 2

  19. Day 2

  20. Scene (Setting) • tells where & when the poem takes place

  21. Speaker (narrator) • The voice talking to us in the poem. (It is not necessarily the author’s voice)

  22. Theme • central idea of the poem or story, themes are expressed through story-like examples of that situation • Themes should always be written as a sentence • Ex: Friendship is more than companionship; it also requires responsibility for another

  23. Author’s Purpose • why the author wrote the poem or story, usually a lesson • Ex: In To Kill a Mockingbird, Harper Lee wanted to make people aware of racism and injustice

  24. Poems to read… • Po' Boy Blues by: Langston Hughes • Southbound on the Freeway by: May Swenson • The World is Not a Pleasant Place to Be by: Nikki Giovanni (p. 40)

  25. Po’ Boy Blues by Langston Hughes When I was home deSunshine seemed like gold.When I was home deSunshine seemed like gold.Since I come up North deWhole damn world's turned cold.I was a good boy,Never done no wrong.Yes, I was a good boy,Never done no wrong,But this world is wearyAn' de road is hard an' long.

  26. I fell in love withA gal I thought was kind.Fell in love withA gal I thought was kind.She made me lose ma moneyAn' almost lose ma mind.Weary, weary,Weary early in de morn.Weary, weary,Early, early in de morn.I's so wearyI wish I'd never been born.

  27. Your assignment… • Write a poem from the perspective of an unusual speaker • Identify the speaker at the end of the poem • Must be at least 30 words • Take a famous poem and identify the: • Theme • Author’s purpose • Speaker • Scene • Within the poem • Must be at least 20 words

  28. Awake by: Katherine Foreman speaker:My last night as a full-time childauthor I didn't want to sleep, for fear of Waking up in a rustle of too-crisp sheets scene: And a creak of inadequate bedspringsbedroom With a lightly snoring virtual stranger eight feet away. And also I didn't want it to be tomorrow, Because then it would be time to do what I've denied for three weeks of subsistence And oblivion--ignoring is bliss. And I saw everything I never did Lying around me, pieces and steps of the Success I never got, reminders that Whatever I planned, I never got far. But in the middle of these broken promises To myself, I could see for the first time That I have not been broken. Author’sAnd I must keep myself, all that is real, purpose: As daybreak does, and nightfall. Show change I exist to others, but all I need is me. From child to I will be the last promise, when all is said adult And kept. Theme: The change from childhood to adulthood is when you realize responsibility and anticipate your actions.

  29. Day 3

  30. Mood • feeling WE, the reader or listener, get from the poem • Ex: words describe mood: happy, excited, sad, scary, intense, sweet, etc.

  31. Tone • the writer’s or speaker’s attitude about the subject, character, or audience • Ex: words to describe tone: sarcastic, teasing, critical, serious, admiring, ironic, etc

  32. Conflict • Internal Conflict • External Conflict • Human vs. Human • Human vs. Society • Human vs. Nature • Human vs. Technology

  33. Winter Garden by unknown poet Stark naked flower stalksStand shivering in the wind.The cheerless sun hides its black lightBehind bleak, angry clouds,While trees vainly tryTo catch their escaping leaves.Carpets of grass turn brown,Blending morosely with the dreary day.Winter seems the death of life forever.

  34. Spring Garden by unknown poet Stunningly dressed flower stalksStand shimmering in the breeze.The cheerful sun hides playfullyBehind white, fluffy, cotton-ball clouds,While trees whisper secretsTo their rustling leaves.Carpets of grass greenly glowBlending joyfully with the day.Spring brings life to death.

  35. Comparisons… Stark naked flower stalks Stand shivering in the wind. The cheerless sun hides its black light Behind bleak, angry clouds, While trees vainly try To catch their escaping leaves. Carpets of grass turn brown, Blending morosely with the dreary day. Winter seems the deathof life forever. Stunninglydressed flower stalks Stand shimmering in the breeze. The cheerful sun hides playfully Behind white, fluffy, cotton-ball clouds, While trees whisper secrets To their rustling leaves. Carpets of grass greenly glow Blending joyfully with the day. Spring brings life to death.

  36. Poems… • My Father is a Simple Man by Luis Omar Salinas (p. 62) • Forgive my Guilt by Robert P. Tristram Coffin (p. 128)

  37. Your assignment… • Write two poems that contain opposite moods • Highlight the words that create the differing moods • Each poem must contain at least 40 words • At least 10 words must be contrasting moods

  38. Winter Garden By: unknown author Starknaked flower stalks Stand shivering in the wind. The cheerless sun hides its black light Behind bleak, angry clouds, While trees vainly try To catch their escaping leaves. Carpets of grass turn brown, Blending morosely with the dreary day. Winter seems the death of life forever. Spring Garden By: unknown author Stunningly dressed flower stalks Stand shimmering in the breeze. The cheerful sun hides playfully Behind white, fluffy, cotton-ball clouds, While trees whisper secrets To their rustling leaves. Carpets of grass greenly glow Blending joyfully with the day. Spring brings life to death. Mood Poems

  39. Day 4

  40. Imagery • Use of single words or phrases that appeals to our senses • see, hear, touch, taste, smell

  41. Cliché • overused, warn-out expression or phrase, not unique • Ex: worn blue jeans, strong as an ox • Try NOT to use clichés unless you purposely want to

  42. Fresh Images • helps us see the world in a new or unusual way, new and different ways of describing something • Ex: e. e. cummings writes: mud-luscious

  43. The LOVE poem I love you more than anything I've known.And now my life will never be the same. Every day is heaven in your arms.

  44. The BREAK-UP poem You tore my heart with hands of fire,and ran me through the shredder of desire.Our life together was a song.I thought you loved me -- was I wrong

  45. The TEENAGE ANGST poem No one understands me.Death and skulls.I'm ugly and people hate me --but I hate them and I don't care.My brain has pain. It cuts like a knife. End my life.

  46. The NATURE poem The birds are cheering the rainbow sunset,The beautiful blue dayAnd children dance on the grass.

  47. Catalogue Poem • poem that lists daily activities

  48. Poems • Woman Work by Maya Angelou • Daily Naomi Shihab Nye • In Just by: e. e. cummings (p. 414)

  49. Your assignment… • Write a catalogue poem about your day • You must list at least 10 items • You must use each of the five senses at least once Highlight each time you use one of the five senses

  50. Catalog Poem: My Day by: Ms. Wellmeyer Every morning I wake up To the constant buzzing Of my alarm clock And it reads 5:30 in bright red numbers. I smell the fresh coffee brewing In the kitchen And I feel the cold wood floors As I step out of bed.

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