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Basic UNIX Commands

Basic UNIX Commands. Commonly used Unix commands. Read a Text File. Head Tail More. Starting and Ending. login : `Logging in' telnet : Connect to another machine logout : `Logging out'. File Management.

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Basic UNIX Commands

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  1. Basic UNIX Commands Commonly used Unix commands

  2. Read a Text File • Head • Tail • More

  3. Starting and Ending login: `Logging in' telnet: Connect to another machine logout: `Logging out'

  4. File Management • emacs: `Using the emacs text editor'mkdir: `Creating a directory'cd: `Changing your current working directory'ls: `Finding out what files you have'cp: `Making a copy of a file'mv: `Changing the name of a file'rm: `Getting rid of unwanted files'chmod: `Controlling access to your files'cmp: Comparing two fileswc: Word, line, and character countcompress: Compress a file

  5. Communication • e-mail: `Sending and receiving electronic mail' • talk: Talk to another user • write: Write messages to another user • ftp: `Transferring files with ftp'

  6. Information • man: Manual pages • quota -v: Finding out your available disk space quota • ical: `Using the Ical personal organizer' • finger: Getting information about a user • passwd: Changing your password • who: Finding out who's logged on

  7. Printing • lpr: `Printing' • lprm: Removing a print job • lpq: Checking the print queues

  8. Job control • ps: `Finding your processes' • kill: `Killing a process' • nohup: Continuing a job after logout • nice: Changing the priority of a job • &: `What is a background process?' • Cntrl-z: Suspending a process • fg: `Resuming a suspended process'

  9. Selecting a Unix shell • sh • The first shell, historically, was sh, also known as the Bourne shell. It is good for writing shell scripts, but not so popular for interactive use.

  10. csh • Also known as C-Shell, csh features a syntax somewhat like the C language. It allows (among other things) adding your own commands (aliasing), history substitution (re-execution of previously typed commands), and filename completion.

  11. tcsh • This shell allows you to edit your command line while you're typing it, using emacs-like commands. It has a number of other nifty features, but is otherwise compatible with csh.

  12. bash • Compatible with sh for programming purposes, it has many of the good features of csh and tcsh: file name completion, job control, history substitution, emacs command-line editing, and many more.

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