8 th Grade Review

1. 8th Grade Review Part One

2. The teachings of Enlightenment thinking listed above provided the basis for the • natural rights • separation of powers • political equality A. establishment of democratic government B. teaching of the Protestant Reformation C. calling of the crusades D. development of feudalism

3. Incorrect • Hint: America’s “Founding Fathers” used these ideas when creating the foundation for their new country Back to question

4. You are correct! Next question

5. What were both the Magna Carta and the English Bill of Rights Designed to do? A. Limit the power of the monarch B. Provide for the religious freedom C. Accept the theory of divine right D. Give commoners the right to vote

6. Incorrect • Hint: the Magna Carta protected a person’s life, liberty and property and established the idea of “limited government. • The English Bill of Rights stated that a person could not be taxed by the king without Parliament’s consent. Back to question

7. You are correct! Next question

8. The Great Awakening of the mid-1700s affected the British colonies by A. Decreasing the power and prestige of radical religious figures B. Encouraging greater religious enthusiasm and political independence C. Encouraging strict obedience and respect for governmental authorities. D. Discouraging free will in spiritual and political matters

9. Incorrect • Hint: After the Great Awakening there was a growing belief that all people were equal before God and that people could challenge authority. Back to question

10. You are correct! Next question

11. One goal of the Declaration of Independence was to A. Establish a new monarchy for the independent states. B. Convince the British Parliament to prevent the start of war C. Explain why the colonists felt the need to be free from British rule D. Outline an economic system to raise money for the revolution

12. Incorrect • Hint: The Declaration of Independence included a list of grievances against the King of England. Back to question

13. You are correct! Next question

14. In designing the legislative branch, the writers of the Constitution mainly based their ideas on the A. French Estates General B. Congress of Vienna C. Council of Trent D. English Parliament

15. Incorrect • Hint: America may not have wanted to be ruled by this country, but they did not dislike all of their ideas about government. Back to question

16. You are correct! Next question

17. The Mayflower Compact (1620) was significant in the political development of the American colonies because it introduced the principle of: A. Self-government B. Separation of powers C. Freedom of expression D. Federalism

18. Incorrect • Hint: With the Mayflower Compact as its guide, the people of Plymouth were able to govern themselves with very little outside interference for about 70 years. Back to question

19. You are correct! Next question

20. The Tenth Amendment was added to the Constitution to resolve which of the following topics of debates surrounding the development of the Constitution? The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the states, are reserved to the states respectively, or to the people. - 10th Amendment A. Division of powers among branches of government B. The annexation of new lands into the country C. Balance between national and state government power D. The representation of state in the legislative houses

21. Incorrect • Hint: The 10th Amendment limits the power of the national government. Back to question

22. You are correct! Next question

23. Which of these Founders favored a strong national government and a loose interpretation of the United States Constitution? A. George Mason B. Patrick Henry C. Roger Williams D. Alexander Hamilton

24. Incorrect • Hint: This person was the first Secretary of the Treasury and supported the creation of a bank. Back to question

25. You are correct! Next question

26. Which of the parts of the United States Constitution contains fundamental liberties of American citizens? A. Preamble B. Article I, Section 8 – Enumerated Powers C. Article III – Judicial Branch D. Amendments 1-10 – Bill of Rights

27. Incorrect • Hint: This part of the Constitution was added later, to calm the fears of those who distrusted a strong national government. Back to question

28. You are correct! Next question

29. Which of these is a constitutional “check” that the executive has to “balance” the power of the legislature in the United States government? A. Dismiss Congress when it acts illegally B. Veto acts passed by Congress C. Overturn decisions made by courts D. Appoint representatives and senators

30. Incorrect • Hint: The president can do this when he disagrees with the decisions of the legislative branch. Back to question

31. You are correct! Next question

32. Which of these groups most likely supported the political ideas and policies of Alexander Hamilton? A. Small farmers B. Tobacco planters C. Business owners D. Frontier settlers

33. Incorrect • Hint: Hamilton favored the expansion of manufacturing and he proposed a tariff to help support American-made goods. Back to question

34. You are correct! Next question

35. Thomas Jefferson and followers opposed Alexander Hamilton’s tariff policy in part because they believed that high tariffs would cause problems for A. Rich bankers B. Small farmers C. Big city merchants D. Owners of small factories

36. Incorrect • Hint: These people were worried that the tariffs would make goods too expensive to purchase. Back to question

37. You are correct! Next question

38. Shays’ Rebellion of 1786 resulted in increased support for: A. Creating a U.S. Bill of Rights B. Revising the Articles of Confederation C. Writing the Declaration of Independence D. Approving the Missouri Compromise

39. Incorrect • Hint: Shays’ Rebellion illustrated the weaknesses of American’s early government. It was time to go back to the drawing board. Back to question

40. You are correct! Next question

41. Which of the following acquisitions secured control of North America’s longest river, added substantially to the Native American, Spanish and French population of the country, and essentially doubled the size of the United States? A. Purchase of Alaska B. Gadsden Purchase C. Louisiana Purchase D. Purchase of Florida

42. Incorrect • Hint: Lewis and Clark explored the new territory purchased during Jefferson’s presidency Back to question

43. You are correct! Next question

44. Which president was responsible for the territorial acquisition indicated by the darker shaded area on the map above? A. George Washington C. Thomas Jefferson B. John Adams D. James Madison

45. Incorrect • Hint: The land was purchased by our 3rd president. Back to question

46. You are correct! Next question

47. In his Farewell Address, George Washington urged the American people to A. Limit a president to two terms in office B. Value and maintain a sense of national unity C. Create a defensive alliance with European countries D. Establish more effective political parties

48. Incorrect • Hint: Washington’s Farewell Address centered around several themes including the problems that come with political factions and foreign alliances. He wanted to give the country direction for the coming years. Back to question

49. You are correct! Next question

50. What is one reason for the dramatic decreases in exports in 1807 and from 1810 to 1812? B. Competition from French merchants C. Military and economic conflicts with Great Britain D. An increase in production and transportation costs. A. A decline in industrial output