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Quantities , Unit and Measurement

Quantities , Unit and Measurement. Sumber Gambar http://theworldoffii.blogspot.com/2008/07/alat-ukur-massa.html. Sumber Gambar : site: gurumuda.files.wordpress.com. Quantities and Unit. The kinds of quantities.

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Quantities , Unit and Measurement

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  1. Quantities, Unit and Measurement Sumber Gambar http://theworldoffii.blogspot.com/2008/07/alat-ukur-massa.html Sumber Gambar : site: gurumuda.files.wordpress.com Quantities and Unit

  2. The kinds of quantities Sumber Gambar http://theworldoffii. blogspot.com/2008/07/alat-ukur-massa.html The kinds quantities

  3. Units Units Tak baku Standard Metric System ( MKS) British System (FPS) International System (SI) unit

  4. Basic Quantities and Their Units • Basic quantities are the physical quantities that the units of which are predetermined, or the units are defined base on measurement international conferences. • There are 7 (seven) basic quantities: basic quantities

  5. Derived quantities and their units Derived quantities are the physical quantities which the units are derived from basic quantity units Example: content

  6. Standard of Quantities Units • The unit of length The standard unit of length is meter. One meter isthe distance between two mark on a bar of platinum-iridium alloy that was stored in the International Bureau of Weights and Measurement (Sevres, France) After November 1983, the standard unit of length is used is the distance that ligth travels during an exact time interval of 1/299.792.458 second. Source : http://wapedia.mobi/id/Meter the unit of length

  7. Standard of Quantities Units • The unit of mass The standard unitof mass is kilogram, that is the mass of a platinum-iridium cylinder which is kept in the International Bureau of Weights and Measurment in Sevres, France. The derived international mass standard for United State is known as 20nd proptotype kilogram. The 20nd prototype kilogram which is kept in National Standard, US, is a platinum cylinder which is kept under two glasses that is like a bell.(Source: Serway dan Jewett, Physics for Scientists and Engineers, 6th edition, 2004) the unitof massa

  8. Standard of Quantities Units • The unit of time The standard unit of timeis second (s). One second is defined as the time required for exactly 9.192.631.770 oscillations of an isotope cesium-133 atom particle. Cesium atom particle in the Boulder laboratorium at Nasional Standard, US. (Source: Serway dan Jewett, Physics for Scientists and Engineers, 6th edition, 2004) the unit of time

  9. Standard of Quantities Units • The unit of electric current Electric current The standard unit of electric current is ampere. One ampere is the electric current flowing in two long parralel wires and have the distance of 1 meter in vacuum space and it gives force exactly 2 x 10-7 Newton. 2 x 10-7 Newton 1 meter Electric current the unit of electric current

  10. Standard of Quantities Units • The unit of temperature, luminous intensity, and amount of substance 1. Temperature ofice sublimation in 76 cmHg is 273,15 K, Temperature of water boiling in 76 cmHg is 373,150 K. 2. The standard unit ofluminous intensity is resulted from 1 m2 of the blackbody radiation glowing at temperatures of frozenplatinum, that is 2046K. The blackbody is able to absorb all energies which strike it. 3. The standard unit of amount of substance is mole. One mole is the amount of substances which contain 6,025 x 1023particles. (6,025 x 1023is known as the Avogadro number) the unit of temperature, luminous intensity, and amount of substance

  11. Awalan-awalan SI Isi dengan Judul Halaman Terkait

  12. Measurement • Measurement of length A. Ruler Ruler usually has smallest scale of 1 mm (0,1 cm) and the ruler strength can be measure until ½ part from the smallest scale (0, 5 mm or 0,05 cm) ruler

  13. Measurement B. Vernier Caliper • Vernier Caliper is more accurate than a ruler, since it has the smallest scale of 0,1 mm. • Vernier Caliper has 2 scales: • Main scale (cm) • Vernier scale/Nonius scale (mm) source: http://www.lapasa.net/blog/ Vernier caliper

  14. Measurement Main scale Nonius scale Isi dengan Judul Halaman Terkait

  15. Measurement How we measure length using a vernier caliper First,in the left figure, we see the main scale that coincides with the zero nonius scale is between 4,7 cm and 4,8 cm. Then, the nonius scale that is joint vertically with the main scale is the 4th scale. It means that the number is 0,4 mm (= 0,04 cm). So, the reading of the vernier caliper is 4,7 cm + 0,04 cm = 4,74 cm. vernier caliper

  16. Measurement C. Micrometer screw Micrometer screw is more accurate than ruler and vernier caliper, because it has the smallest scale of 0,01 mm. Main scale, consist of: Scale of 1mm,2mm,3mm, etc and scale of 1,5 mm, 2,5 mm, etc Outer scale, consist of : scale of 1 until 50. If this part around 1 times, then the main scale add to 0,5 mm. 1 outer scale is equivalent with 0,01 mm Source: http://www.e-dukasi.net micrometer screw

  17. Measurement How we measure using micrometer screw • Based on the left figure, we see the main scale that coincides with the edge of the outer scale is between 2 mm and 3 mm. • It means that the length of sample is 2 mm. • 2. Meanwhile, the line of the outer scale that exactly coincides with the horizontal line of the main scale is the 43th. Then the reading of the micrometer screw is 2 + (43x0,01) = 2 + 0,43 = 2,43 mm micrometer screw

  18. Measurement Example 2 • Based on the left figure, we see the main scale that coincides with the edge of the outer scale is 4,5 mm. It means that the length of sample is 4,5 mm. • 2. Meanwhile, the line of the outer scale that exactly coincides with the horizontal line of the main scale is the 19th. Then the reading of the micrometer screw is: = 4,5 cm + (19x0,01) cm = 4,5 cm + 0,19 cm = 4,69 cm measurement of length

  19. Measurement • Measurement of mass In daily life, there are so many units of mass, such as: gram (g), miligram (mg), ons, ton (t) dan kuintal (kw) 1 ton = 10 kuintal = 1.000 kg 1 kg = 1.000 g Source: Bahan Ajar Modul Manual Untuk SMK Bidang Adaptif Mata Pelajaran Fisika, 2004 measurement of mass

  20. Measurement Instrument to measure of time clocks Stopwatch Sources : Dikmenjur, Bahan Ajar Modul Manual Untuk SMK Bidang Adaptif Mata Pelajaran Fisika, 2004 Measurement of time

  21. ACCURATION Show how close the measurement compare with the actual condition Show the certainity degree of measurement accuration

  22. Uncertainty in measurement uncertainty in measurement

  23. ACCURATION Main scale If we measure with vernier caliper is more accurate than ruler. Ruler has the smallest scale of 1 mm, but vernier caliper has 0,01 mm. Nonius scale accuration

  24. ACCURATION Generally, the result of measurement is not 100% accurate. First, does the tool show the zero point scale? Tools must be recheck periodicalywith thetwo-point calibration methode. Second,does the tool give the rightresult when it used to measure something that is on standar condition? accuration

  25. Mistake of respon time Enviromental condition Mistake of instrument calibration Mistake of zero point Systematic uncertainty Source of uncertainty in measurement Isi dengan Judul Halaman Terkait

  26. Source of measurement uncertainty Electric voltage fluctuation Vibration Extensive Uncertainty Example Radiation Brown movement of air molecules source of measurement uncertainty

  27. Source of measurement uncertainty Mistake in observation (paralaks) Observation uncertainty Mistake in instrument arrangement Mistake in scale reading source of measurement uncertainty

  28. Measurement uncertainty Every measurement potentially get an uncertainty result Big uncertainty result indicates that a bad measurement The smaller of the value of uncertainty result indicates an accurate measurement measurement uncertainty

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