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WHOOPING COUGH Presentation: @ Nasal discharge, pyrexia @ Paroxysmal cough.

WHOOPING COUGH Presentation: @ Nasal discharge, pyrexia @ Paroxysmal cough. @ Respiratory distress, apnoea @ Pneumonia. Causes of whooping cough: @ Bordetella species @ Viruses: Respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza virus, adenovirus @ Mycoplasma pneumoniae. BORDETELLA

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WHOOPING COUGH Presentation: @ Nasal discharge, pyrexia @ Paroxysmal cough.

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  1. WHOOPING COUGH Presentation: @ Nasal discharge, pyrexia @ Paroxysmal cough. @ Respiratory distress, apnoea @ Pneumonia

  2. Causes of whooping cough: • @ Bordetella species • @ Viruses: Respiratory syncytial virus, • parainfluenza virus, adenovirus • @ Mycoplasma pneumoniae. • BORDETELLA • @ Gram negative rods, non-motile, • aerobic, catalase positive, oxidase • positive, capsulated.

  3. Bordetella Species: • @ B. pertusssis: Severe whooping cough. • @ B. parapertusis: Mild whooping cough. • @ B. bronchiseptica: Wound infections. • Pathogensis: • @ Organism attaches to URT cilia, leading • to decreased activity of cilia. • @ Pertusssis toxin damages these cilia.

  4. Laboratory Diagnosis of Bordetella: • Specimens: • @ Nasopharyngeal secretions collected by: • # Pernasal swabs • # Aspiration • # Cough plates. • Microscopy: • @ Small, cocco-bacilli, Gram negative, • capsulated, non-motile.

  5. Culture: • @ Inoculate Bordet-Gengou medium, • containing 20-30% blood. • @ Inoculate the selective medium charcoal • cephalexin blood agar (CCBA). • @ Incubate up to 6 days at 37°C in moist • aerobic atmosphere. • @ Charcoal medium: Colonies small, shiny • @ Bordet-Gengou : Colonies haemolytic • and mucoid

  6. Identification: @ Slide agglutination tests using specific antisera. @ Fluorescent antibody staining. Epidemiology: @ B. pertusssis infects Man only. @ Transmission: By air-borne droplets. affecting infants and young children.

  7. Vaccination: • @ Killed vaccine, adsorbed to an adjuvant • (aluminum hydroxide). • @ Acellular vaccine, a purified protein of • the organism • @ Given as part the triple vaccine (DTP), • in 3 doses. Booster doses are given at • 12-15 months and on entering school. • @ Killed vaccine, Not recommended: cause • encephalopathy. The acellular vaccine is • the one to use.

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