1 / 23

Chapter 28 – Civil Rights Movement

Chapter 28 – Civil Rights Movement. The Civil Rights Movement Takes Shape Kennedy, Johnson, and Civil Rights Rights for Other Americans. Battling School Segregation. 1896 Plessy v . Ferguson Separate but equal However, schools for black children typically received far less funding NAACP

Download Presentation

Chapter 28 – Civil Rights Movement

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Chapter 28 – Civil Rights Movement The Civil Rights Movement Takes Shape Kennedy, Johnson, and Civil Rights Rights for Other Americans

  2. Battling School Segregation • 1896 Plessyv. Ferguson • Separate but equal • However, schools for black children typically received far less funding • NAACP • National Association for the Advancement of Colored People • Focused on ending segregation in America’s public schools

  3. Brown v Board of Education • Thurgood Marshall & Jack Greenberg • NAACP attorneys • Brown • 7 year old African American named Linda Brown • Topeka, Kansas • Lived near a school for white children • Had to travel across town to a school for black children • Sued to attend school closer to home • Ended segregation in schools

  4. Little Rock Nine • Integration of one high school in Little Rock, AR • Allowed 9 outstanding black students to attend • Governor didn’t agree with desegregation • Used National Guard to block the Little Rock Nine from attending • 9/4/57 • 8 of 9 turned away by National Guard • 9th came later, harassed. • “Lynch her! Lynch her!”

  5. Little Rock Nine • Governor refused to let them in, until President Eisenhower sent federal troops to escort students in • 8 of 9 graduated • No one clapped for them at graduation ceremony

  6. Montgomery Bus Boycott • NAACP moved efforts to Montgomery, AL • Black passengers required to sit in back of city buses • If white-only section was filled, black passengers forced to give up seat • December 1, 1955 – Rosa Parks • NAACP worker • Sat in the black passenger section • Forced to give up seat after white section filled

  7. Rosa Parks • Refused – Jailed • Montgomery Bus Boycott • Thousands of African Americans stopped riding the buses • Bus ridership fell 70% (some white passengers boycotted as well)

  8. Martin Luther King, Jr. • Young (26) Baptist minister • Powerful speaker • Kings home bombed, hate mail, threats • November 1956 • Segregation on public transportation ILLEGAL • Helped make MLK Jr a nationally known civil rights leader. • Formed SCLP – Southern Christian Leadership Conference

  9. Other forms of Protest • Sit Ins • Demonstration in which protestors sit down and refuse to leave • Inspired by MLK Jr, advocate for nonviolent action • 1960 - SNCC – Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee • Trained protesters and organized civil rights demonstrations

  10. Kennedy Elected • John F Kennedy • Elected in 1960 as the youngest person ever to be elected president of US • New Frontier (Write 3 things) • Higher minimum wage • Tax cuts to help stimulate economic growth • New spending on the military & space program • New programs to help poor and unemployed Americans • Greater financial to help public schools • Support for civil rights

  11. Freedom Rides • CORE • Congress of Racial Equality • Put pressure on President Kennedy to enforce the illegalization of segregation on buses. • Freedom Rides • Black and white bus riders traveled together to segregated bus stations in the South • White riders would use black only facilities • Black riders would use white only facilities • Some were attacked • Led to the Interstate Commerce Commission • Enforced strict bans on segregation in interstate bus terminals

  12. King in Birmingham • MLK Jr. arrested and jailed for marches organized in Birmingham, AL • King released from prison and organized more marches • May 1963 • 2,500 demonstrators marched through downtown Birmingham • Officers ordered to release attack dogs • Televised images shocked Americans

  13. March on Washington • June 1963 – President Kennedy announced support for a sweeping civil rights bill to end racial discrimination completely • March On Washington • Massive demonstration for civil rights • “I have a dream” speech

  14. Johnson Becomes President • November 22, 1963 • Kennedy assassinated • VP Lyndon B. Johnson quickly sworn in as president • Lee Harvey Oswald – arrested as alleged assassin • President Johnson vowed to continue Kennedy’s word, including civil rights bill

  15. Civil Rights Laws • July 2, 1964 • President Johnson signed Civil Rights Act of 1964 • Banned segregation in public places • Outlawed discrimination in the workplace and on the basis of color, gender, religion, or national origin • Equal Voting Rights • Members of the Ku Klux Klan murdered 3 civil rights workers • Influenced many people to support voter registration efforts

  16. Voting • Voting Rights Act of 1965 • Gave the federal government new powers to protect African Americans’ voting rights • Within three years, more than half of all qualified African Americans in the South registered to vote

  17. Great Society • President Johnson won election of 1964 by a huge margin • Program of domestic reforms included: • Medicare and Medicaid • Helped senior citizens and low-income citizens afford health care • Education • Gave local schools more than $1 billion to help students with special needs • Department of Housing and Urban Development • Help low-income families get better housing

  18. Changes in Civil Rights Movement • Many young civil rights activists found the pace of change too slow • Stokely Carmichael • Founder of Black Power movement • Called for African American independence • Believed that blacks should reject integration, focusing instead on controlling their own communities

  19. Malcolm X • Helped inspire the Black Power movement • Leader of the Nation of Islam • Organization that combined ideas about African American independence with teachings of Islam • Argued that African Americans should work for social and political independence • Believed that African Americans had the right to defend themselves, using violence if necessary • 1965 – Broke with the nation of Islam • Killed by 3 of its members

  20. Riots in the Streets • People frustrated with the slow progression • April 1968 • MLK Jr. shot and killed in Memphis, TN • People took to the streets to riot in more than 100 cities • Most visible leader was lost

  21. Rights for Other Americans • Hispanic Americans • Cesar Chavez • Formed the United Farm Workers • Committed to the goal of better pay and working conditions for migrant farm workers – those who move seasonally from farm to farm for work • Advocate for non violent protests

  22. Women’s Rights • Women had less job opportunities and paid less • Congress passed Equal Pay Act • Required many employers to pay men and women equal salaries for the same work • Betty Friedan • Helped found National Organization for Women • Fought for equal educational and career opportunities • Shirley Chisholm • First African American woman elected to US congress • Equal Rights Amendment • Outlaw all discrimination based on gender

  23. Native Americans • American Indian Movement • 1968 - Fought for Native Americans’ rights • Congress began passing laws granting Native Americans greater self-government on tribal lands • Disability Rights Movement • Disabled in Action • Made people aware of challenges facing people with disabilities • Rehabilitation Act of 1973 • Banned federal agencies from discriminating against people with disabilities • Education Act of Handicapped Children Act of 1975 • Required public schools to provide quality education to children with disabilities

More Related