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21.1 Taking on Segregation

21.1 Taking on Segregation. Desegregation in the South. Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) : “separate but equal” is constitutional Jim Crow Laws Brown v. Board of Education (1954) : “separate but equal is inherently unequal” NAACP argued that separate schools made black children feel less valuable

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21.1 Taking on Segregation

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  1. 21.1 Taking on Segregation

  2. Desegregation in the South • Plessy v. Ferguson (1896): “separate but equal” is constitutional • Jim Crow Laws • Brown v. Board of Education (1954): “separate but equal is inherently unequal” • NAACP argued that separate schools made black children feel less valuable • Supreme Court agreed, 9-0 (unanimous vote)

  3. desegregation in the South • Many white Southern politicians promised to fight desegregation • Arkansas Gov. Faubus ordered the National Guard to block black students from entering a “white” high school • The “Little Rock Nine” • Eisenhower ordered paratroopers (101st Airborne) protect the students

  4. Desegregation in the South • Southern white protests were based on: • Racists beliefs • Belief in “States’ Rights:” that the federal govt. can’t tell states what to do in most situations

  5. Montgomery Bus Boycott • Rosa Parks was a local organizer in the NAACP • After she was arrested for refusing to move to the back of a bus, the local NAACP called a boycott • MLK Jr. first made national attention here • The boycott cost the city tons of money • 1956 the Supreme Court banned segregated buses

  6. Civil Rights Groups • Dr. King helped found the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) in 1957 • Religious imagery will be important to the movement • Non-violent protest

  7. Civil Rights Groups • SNCC (“snick”) was made up of college students • non-violent protests • Hosted many sit-ins in the South in 1960.

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