Technology Innovation in Energy Industry Shale Gas and Tar Sands

1. Technology Innovation in Energy Industry Shale Gas and Tar Sands Dr. Christine Ehlig-Economides Professor, Petroleum Engineering Texas A&M University

2. This chart explains the ranges of permeability, oil and gas viscosity, and the resulting mobility for 4 cases. The greater the oil viscosity the lower the mobility. Heavy oil reservoirs often have phenomenally high permeability, but the oil viscosity is so high that the mobility remains in the low range. The production rate is directly dependent on mobility. This chart explains the ranges of permeability, oil and gas viscosity, and the resulting mobility for 4 cases. The greater the oil viscosity the lower the mobility. Heavy oil reservoirs often have phenomenally high permeability, but the oil viscosity is so high that the mobility remains in the low range. The production rate is directly dependent on mobility.

4. A World of Oil Distribution of Oil bearing formations across the earth with production in million barrels per day and reserves in billion barrels, year 2002 numbers. Distribution of Oil bearing formations across the earth with production in million barrels per day and reserves in billion barrels, year 2002 numbers.

5. Oil Industry Major Technology Introductions

6. World Tar Sand Deposits

7. Heavy Oil Production Strategies Surface mining Horizontal and multilateral wells with solvent flow assistance Cold Heavy Oil Production (CHOP) Steam cycle (Huff and Puff) Steam flood In situ combustion

8. Alberta Open Pit Tar Sand Mine

9. The data set was provided for petrozuata. Which is joint venture between Conoco and Pedevezata . It is the orinocol heavy oil belt.The data set was provided for petrozuata. Which is joint venture between Conoco and Pedevezata . It is the orinocol heavy oil belt.

10. SPE 84377 Sincor Field Location Map

11. Faja Fluvial Deposition from Seismic

12. Petrozuata Multibranch Well Concept

13. Well Path Overlain on Seismic X-Section Let us again look at the seismic data along the Trunk borehole. The two surfaces (pink) represent the top and bottom of the WS4A reservoir zone. In the next slide we will compare the seismic response to the lithofacies derived from RAB measurements.Let us again look at the seismic data along the Trunk borehole. The two surfaces (pink) represent the top and bottom of the WS4A reservoir zone. In the next slide we will compare the seismic response to the lithofacies derived from RAB measurements.

14. Well Trajectory This slice show the Fishbone wells with Rab image in 3D. This Visualization is doing by Common Model Builder. The Rab image is not a clear in there. It is quit of difficult to identify the facies location and distribution in the reservoir. In others words, it is difficult to build a 3D model from Rab image. The new litho-facies log is a smooth and simplify image. This slice show the Fishbone wells with Rab image in 3D. This Visualization is doing by Common Model Builder. The Rab image is not a clear in there. It is quit of difficult to identify the facies location and distribution in the reservoir. In others words, it is difficult to build a 3D model from Rab image. The new litho-facies log is a smooth and simplify image.

15. Cold Heavy Oil Production

16. Cold Heavy Oil Production

17. Cyclic Steam Stimulation

18. Cyclic Steam Stimulation

19. Cyclic Steam Stimulation

20. Cyclic Steam Stimulation

21. Cyclic Steam Stimulation

22. Cyclic Steam Stimulation

23. Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage

24. Steam Flooding

25. Steam Flooding

26. In situ Combustion

27. Oil Industry Major Technology Introductions

29. Mobility, k/m This chart explains the ranges of permeability, oil and gas viscosity, and the resulting mobility for 4 cases. The greater the oil viscosity the lower the mobility. Heavy oil reservoirs often have phenomenally high permeability, but the oil viscosity is so high that the mobility remains in the low range. The production rate is directly dependent on mobility. This chart explains the ranges of permeability, oil and gas viscosity, and the resulting mobility for 4 cases. The greater the oil viscosity the lower the mobility. Heavy oil reservoirs often have phenomenally high permeability, but the oil viscosity is so high that the mobility remains in the low range. The production rate is directly dependent on mobility.

31. Shale Gas Basins in the US

32. New Albany Shale Gas Well Analysis Rate data on 33 wells Rate and pressure on 1 horizontal well with multiple transverse fractures Reserves estimation by Valko approach Well and reservoir characterization by unified BU-RNP approach

33. EUR estimation results

34. Field Case� Horizontal Well with 8 Transverse Fractures

35. Production Rates and Pressure

36. Microseismic Imaging of Hydraulic Fractures

37. Three Fracture Lengths Created fracture half-length length from the well bore where the rock actually cracks Propped fracture half-length length of the fracture from the well bore that actually contains some of the propping agent Effective fracture half-length length of the fracture from the well bore that has actually cleaned up and is contributing to gas flow.

38. Model Match with Data

40. Pressure Investigation Depth