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Nature & Influence of Intuition in Law Enforcement

Nature & Influence of Intuition in Law Enforcement. Research Question Drafting on the fly. Draft research questions. Process: I’ve written a few questions as a point of departure But they’re tentative You propose changes after they run Copies sent to everyone for review.

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Nature & Influence of Intuition in Law Enforcement

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  1. Nature & Influence of Intuition in Law Enforcement Research Question Drafting on the fly

  2. Draft research questions • Process: • I’ve written a few questions as a point of departure • But they’re tentative • You propose changes after they run • Copies sent to everyone for review

  3. Research Question #1 • How do police officers define what we’ve been calling ‘intuition’? • What are the minimum number of dimensions of intuition? • What are the measurable indicators of this concept? • Is it reasonable to use this as a working definition in our research? • If it does fit with existing literature? • If it doesn’t?

  4. Research Question #2 • Do individual officers vary in their intuitive capabilities? • In their propensity to use intuitive processes? • In their reliance on intuition? • In their beliefs about intuition: • Useful vs. unprofessional? • One tool in the kit vs. best/worst tool?

  5. Research Question #3 • If there are differences in individual officers’ intuitive capabilities, • How much of the variation is innate? • How much learned? • How much acquired early in the life course? • Pre-, peri-, post-natal • Early abuse, etc.

  6. Research Question #3a • Are there relationships between self-reports about intuition and peer-reports about intuition? • Prospectively vs. retrospectively?

  7. Research Question #4 • To what extent can officers’ intuitive capabilities be improved – or degraded? • Through training? • Mentoring? • By educating them about decision making? • Pre-employment screening?

  8. Research Question #5 • Do officers’ intuitive abilities and their propensity to use intuition vary with: • Physical environment and type of task? • E.g., tactical vs. investigative vs. interrogation • Level of uncertainty? • Perceived threat or stakes associated with decision? • Mood or affective state? • Time available for decision?

  9. Research Question #6 • How consistent (reliable) are officers’ intuitive abilities? • Compared to previous performance? • Across domains, threats, etc. from RQ #5

  10. Research Question #7 • What are the correlates of intuitive performance? • Personality dimensions • Gender and sex • Personal history • Enthusiasm • Confidence in abilities • Physical state • Fatigue, fear, anger, interest, … • Various forms of intelligence?

  11. Research Question #8 • How closely linked are intuition and inaccurate stereotypes? • What do these findings tell us about hazards associated with intuitive thinking? • Can links between intuition and stereotyping be changed? • In a way that does not impair appropriate intuitive performance?

  12. Research Question #9 • How much variation is there in individual ability to detect: • Deception? • Discontinuities? • Other potential confounds to accurate decision making? • Is this different from intuition?

  13. Research Question #10 • What are the cues that trigger intuition? • Do they vary between individuals, situations, domains, etc.? • Do they vary depending on officers’ base levels of situational awareness?

  14. Research Question #11 • Are the cues people report using to make intuitive decisions different from those they actually use? • Face, voice, body language, • Status markers (dress, posture, diction)

  15. Research Question 11a • Can the triggers people report being associated with intuitive insight be measured physiologically? • Could physiological indicators be used to sensitize

  16. Research Question #12 • Comparability of various law enforcement occupations: • Do the same dynamics apply for police patrol officers, investigators, customs officers, intelligence analysts, interrogators, undercover agents and investigators, …? • Other first responders? • Comparability between cops & crooks?

  17. Threats to validity? • Denominator of threat perception? • Examples: (maximum liklihood ratio, etc.) Number of Intuitive ‘Hits’ Number of Targets or Number of Correct Intuitive Hits Number of Incorrect Hits

  18. Generalizability • How can we increase the generalizability of experimental studies of police intuition? • Using field tapes, etc. • Raising stakes for research subjects in simulated situations

  19. Research Methods • What exemplary research designs and methods used in other studies can be replicated using police subjects? • How can we best integrate research about police intuition with existing research in this area?

  20. An expert resource • www.nobel.se/economics/laureates/2002/Kahnemann-lecture.pdf

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