1 / 61

k angs@un

Conceptual and Practical Framework of Measuring Progress on SD. www.unosd.org. k angs@un.org. Operational Interpretation of SD. SD as an inter-generational equity concept. Sustainable Development is

omar
Download Presentation

k angs@un

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Conceptual and Practical Framework of Measuring Progress on SD www.unosd.org kangs@un.org

  2. Operational Interpretation of SD

  3. SD as an inter-generational equity concept • SustainableDevelopment is • development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs (1987, Brundtland Commission). • is about enabling people to satisfy their basic needs and enjoy a better quality of life, without compromising the quality of life of future generations. • It combines social, environmental and economic goals … • Economic growth • Environmental Protection • Social Integration • New issues : Good Governance, Climate Change, etc.

  4. There was a worry about an irreversible expansion of E… Nature Environment Human Civilization Nature Environment Economy Market / Plan Human Civilization M

  5. We need an operational definition of SD. • Economy, Humanity and Nature • Humanity (society) is part of Nature (environment) and Economy works on the Nature to support Humanity • Economy develops what was enveloped by Nature and Humanity in the form of natural resources and human heritages • Resources: Land, Air, Water, Animals & Plants, Soil, Minerals, Oil… • Heritages: Population, Culture, History, Knowledge, Laws, Institutions, Infrastructures… • Resources and heritages, identified as given amount of stock, provide material and non-material bases for the sustainability of Humanity.

  6. Sustainability in operational definition • Sustainability depends on • Available stock of resources and heritages: Sr(t), Sh(t) • Exploitation speed: fe(t) • Renewal and Accumulation feedback speed: fr(t), fa(t) • A non-negative time derivative of per capita net stock (d(Sr+Sh+fe+fr+fa)/dt≥0) confirms development is sustainable. fr(t) Sr(t) Natural Resources Sh(t) Human Heritage fa(t) fe(t) Production- Consumption

  7. Socio-economic and environmental context of “de-velopment” Sh(t) fa(t) fe(t) fr(t) Sr(t) OECD, Towards Green Growth, 2011, p.115

  8. Measuring Progress on SD in Practice

  9. In measuring progress, the Agenda 21 recommended… • Chapter 40 of Agenda 21 was on “Information for Decision Making” and identified two programme areas : • Bridging the data gap; • Improving information availability. • Six areas of activities were proposed : • development of (a)* indicators of sustainable development; • promotion of global use of indicators of sustainable development; • improvement of data collection and use; • improvement of methods of data assessment and analysis; • establishment of a (b)* comprehensive information framework; • strengthening of the capacity for traditional information. • There is currently no single universally accepted measurement metric for sustainable development indicators. The United Nations, European Union as well as OECD have all made their own work in the development of sustainable development indicators. UNDESA (2012), National Institutions for Sustainable Development

  10. (a)* SD Indicators in practice 1) United Nations The United Nations Commission on Sustainable Development (CSD) finalized the third, revised set of CSD indicators in 2007, based on the previous two (1996 and 2001) editions, which have been developed, improved and extensively tested as part of the implementation of the Work Programme on Indicators of Sustainable Development adopted by the CSD at its third session in 1995 and presented to the CSD in 2001. This third set of indicators consists of 50 core indicators, alongside 46 additional indicators intended to allow a “more comprehensive and differentiated assessment of sustainable development” where data are available. The indicators are grouped into a series of themes and sub-themes, and are designed to allow countries to track progress towards nationally-defined goals. UN DESA (2007), Indicators of Sustainable Development: Guidelines and Methodologies, Third Edition, available at http://www.un.org/esa/sustdev/natlinfo/indicators/guidelines.pdf,

  11. SD Indicators in practice (continued) 2) European Union The European Union worked alongside the UN Work Programme on Indicators of Sustainable Development and published its own indicator sets in 1997 and 2001. An EU-oriented indicator set was proposed following the adoption of the EU Sustainable Development Strategy in 2001, and was endorsed by the European Commission in 2005. Since then, a series of minor revisions have resulted in the existing indicator set, comprising 11 headline indicators across 10 themes, and over 100 indicators in total. The existing set also describes indicators either in development or as yet undeveloped, and the suitability of the indicator set in the context of emerging environmental concerns is constantly reviewed. Eurostat (2009), Sustainable Development in the European Union, 2009 monitoring report of the EU sustainable development strategy, available at http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/cache/ ITY_OFFPUB/KS-78-09-865/EN/KS-78-09-865-EN.PDF

  12. SD Indicators in practice (continued) 3) OECD The OECD has cooperated with UNCSD, the EU and other international organizations to develop its own environmental indicators. Notably, the OECD has focused on developing multiple sets of indicators, each appropriate to specific context. The Core Environmental Indicators, designed to track ‘environmental progress and performance’, comprise of about 50 individual indicators; separate indicator sets adapted in part from the core set aim at informing the public, promoting integration and monitoring progress towards sustainable development. OECD (2008), OECD Key Environmental Indicators, available at http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/20/40/37551205.pdf

  13. (b)* Comprehensive Information Framework • Measuring sustainability with multi-dimensional SD indicator sets lead to the concept of integrating indicators into a system of accounts. • Therefore, it’s not to take up the approach of one-dimensional environmentally adjusted macro-economic aggregates such as ‘Green GDP’, but rather to follow the principal idea of describing the sustainability gap with the multi-dimensional indicator approach. • In the simple individual indicator approach described above, it is unlikely that the individual indicators are to be systematically linked with integrated physical and monetary economic, social and environmental accounting data.

  14. Comprehensive Information Framework means integration of... Karl Schoer, “Note on a Proposed Structure of the Revised SEEA”, 2007, LG/11/4, p.7 11th Meeting of the London Group on Environmental Accounting Johannesburg, 26-30 March

  15. German case of indicators-accounts integration Karl Schoer, “Note on a Proposed Structure of the Revised SEEA”, 2007, LG/11/4, p.12 11th London Group Meeting on Environmental Accounting Johannesburg, 26-30 March

  16. A sustainable development in3 dimensions Social Environmental Economic

  17. Environmental Policy Intervention end-of-pipe pollution control cleaner production promotion EPEA · Water ·Air ·Soil Environmental Pollution Material Flow Outflow PIOT Environmental Management Con. Inv. EAA I-O Table Export Natural & Environmental Resources Imported Int’l Trade Labor, Capital Environment as Input More details in the system of environmental economic accounting

  18. SEEA* • System of Environmental and Economic Accounting (SEEA) • developed by UN Statistical Commission in collaboration with the IMF, the World Bank, the European Commission and OECD, as a guideline in 2003. • known as the most significant attempt to integrate national accounting and environmental accounting as satellite accounts in both monetary and physical terms. • following work is under way to transform SEEA into an international accounting standard equivalent to the System of National Accounts (SNA). • SD indicators could be linked to the SEEA through the uniform classifications and definitions, and the inclusion of sectoral breakdowns appropriate to the SEEA’s composition. • http://unstats.un.org/unsd/envaccounting/Brochure.pdf

  19. Some details on the socio-economic interface of SD Social Value System Socio-Cultural Resources Job and Income Distribution, Public services Social Security, Health care Con. Inv. I-O Table Export Imported Int’l Trade Labor, Capital Population, Social Capital

  20. SESAME* • System of Economic and Social Accounting Matrices and Extensions (SESAME) • developed as an information system integrating economic, social and environmental statistics (Keuning, 2000, Accounting for Welfare with SESAME, UN.) • Very recently recognized as equal part of SD, due to the lack of commonly accepted definition and consensus of the social dimension. • Two popular ways of addressing the social dimension of sustainability: the capability approach (HDI) and the social capital (Stock/Flow) approach. • In practice, social dimension is represented as part of SD subjects (Denmark) • 1) Economic development and employment • 2) Poverty • 3) Elderly society • 4) Health • 5) Change in climate and energy • 6) Sustainable production and consumption patterns • 7) Protection of natural resources • 8) Traffic and use of area • Ismir Mularic, Statistics Denmark, London Group Meeting September, 2004

  21. Challenges in Post 2015 Development Framework

  22. SD in environmental-economic interface asks… Quality of Development? - EnvironmentallySound and Sustainable Development - Green Economy in micro-economics: market prices, investment - Quality of economy in short-term and mid-term Green Growth in macro-economics: investment, technology, R&D, - Quality of growth, mid-term and long-term Global, Regional, National and Local Program for a Planet Responsibility 22

  23. SD in socio-economic interface asks… Objective of Development? - Inclusive Human Civilization - National agenda – jobs, (re)distributional, social policies Global agenda - gap closing initiatives between South and North Global, Regional, National and Local Program for a Humanity Responsibility 23

  24. Past concept of development shows… an economic growth supposedly increasing quality of life may result in degradation and depletion of natural resources and human heritages, which brings negative impact on the quality of life. Quality of Life EconomicGrowth NaturalResources Human Heritages 24

  25. Enabling conditions for Sustainability for Development In order to overcome the challenges posed by the growth in the globalized world economy, it is imperative to develop green technologies and to introduce them into major industrial sectors leading economic growth to change life-style based on environmentally sound and sustainable production and consumption pattern and to share the experiences with partners to build a planet responsible for sustainable humanity…

  26. Humanity responsible civilization needs… to minimize degradation and depletion of natural resources and human heritage with a paradigm shift based on innovations and life style change. Happiness R&D and Technological Innovation Life Style Change EconomicGrowth NaturalResources Human Heritages 26

  27. What rest untouched

  28. What rest untouched… Wellbeing, Happiness Environmental Welfare

  29. What we need to do … • Establish an evidence based decision making framework for SD • Clear understanding of the Post 2015 development framework and its implications to national development strategies • Restructuring Post 2015 development agenda including SDGs to be tailored to national/local implementation framework: Technology Facilitation, Financing SD, etc… • Peer review with indicators on the development challenges within a Matrix of Geo-Ecological and Socio-Economic Criteria: Geographical location, Climate zone, … ; Population, Labor, Production & Consumption, Planning (public) and Markets (private), … • Development of monitoring, assessment and reporting procedure for the progress on SD

  30. Strategy, Planning, Programmeand Project Vision based on baseline analysis Goal/Target to accomplish as a milestone with reference timeframe Strategy to implement the goal/target based on gap analysis Plan in long-term framework / mid-term (or annual) implementation Programme composed of projects Project for individual goal/target Task/Job identified as action component of a project Inter-governmental Process National / Local Process Management of Implementation with Indicators input output process Baseline t0 (state) Outcome t1 (state) Target t1 (state) Impact = outcome t1 – baseline t0 . Effectiveness= outcome t1 / baseline t0. It’s a project (task or job) that could be effective or not. Efficiency = output / input. It’s a process that could be efficient or not. Performance = outcome t1 / target t1. It represents a degree of ‘accomplishment’.

  31. Work plan 2014_UNOSD on Measuring Progress • Study on Measuring Progress in Post 2015 Development Framework: HLPF, Ministerial Meetings and SDGs • Overview on the current status and perspectives of Post 2015 Development Framework discussed at UN Intergovernmental Processes (GA, HLPF, OWG, EGM, etc.) • Implication of Post 2015 DF for Member States in achieving SD: What is expected to be done by the member states for coming years? • - Integration of SDGs into National Development Strategy and Planning • - Preparation of Implementation Plan of SDGs • - Establishment of Monitoring & Reporting System on the achievement of SDGs (HLPF, The Ministerial) • Implication of Post 2015 DF for UN (DESA/DSD as well as OSD) in supporting Member States: What is expected to be done by DSD and OSD in relation to the works to be done by the member states? • Area 1: Research and Policy Analysis (EGM, Consultative Workshop, …) • Area 2: Joint Capacity Development in Measuring, Analysis and Reporting (Joint research, Conference, …) • Then, development of a sub-work plan (covering joint researches, capacity development, regional/national advisory services, networking) after the December consultative workshop... Thematic issues proposed in priority in relation to Post 2015 DF, which include ‘Eco-tourism Development’, ‘Technology Facilitation’ and ‘Financing’..

  32. Consultation the Way Forward (Dec. 11)

  33. Themes of Consultation

  34. Major challenges in measuring progress with indicators Based on the presentations made during the consultative workshop, what kind of challenges can we identify at the national level implementation… Bridging gaps between SD agenda negotiated and SD agenda operationalized at the level of national implementation Institutionalization of monitoring, evaluation and reporting process Technical expertise in collecting, compiling and keeping updated primary data set Analytical capacity in implementing evidence based decision making for SD What type of capacity development demand exists at national implementation level? - Inter-ministerial meeting, Expert group consultation, Stake-holder participatory forum What are the major themes in priority for Capacity Building? - Water, Energy, Food & Agriculture, Greening Industrialization, Eco-tourism, Health

  35. Interests in policy research & CD on measuring progress… Urban Sustainability Management (Mega Urban, Green City, …) -Interested Country Listing : Pilot study on the exploration toward Environmental Welfare (Concept & Indicators, Socio-economic & Geo-spatial analysis …) -Interested Country Listing : Sustainability Assessment on Eco-tourism sites (with indicators) -Interested Country Listing : • Type and Theme of Capacity Development Most Interested (in order) • Type : • Themes :

  36. Urban Sustainability…

  37. “Environmental Welfare” in SD Environmental Welfare Minimum Env. standard for all Equitable access to environmental amenity … Social Social Welfare Minimum wage Public health care Unemployment insurance Public education Environmental Resource Efficiency Env. performance 3Rs Economic

  38. Sustainability Assessment on Eco-tourism 19 sustainability indicators in 5 domains in Eco-tourism Source : Lee Jae-Hyuck & Lee Hee Yeon (2012) 38

  39. Organization of Consultation

  40. Interactive discussion in small group 60 minutes (09:30~10:30) Country Group Latin America : Chile, Dominican Republic, Jamaica, Nicaragua, Peru + MI, UN/Statistics Country Group Africa : Ethiopia, Gabon, Jordan, Tunisia, South Soudan + UN/DSD, UNEP Country Group Asia and the Pacific : Bhutan, Fiji, Indonesia, Samoa, Tajikistan, Vietnam + ASEF, UNOSD Plenary Wrap-up (10:30~11:30)

  41. Orientation (09:00~09:10) and “+1 Presentation” (09:10~09:30) Additional introduction on Sustainability Assessment of Eco-Tourism sites (Case Study)

  42. Case study*: Sustainability Evaluation with Indicators on Ecotourism 10 Ecotourism Sites in Korea * Lee Jae-Hyuck & Lee Hee Yeon, “A Study on the Development of the Indicator Sets for Evaluating the Sustainable Ecotourism and It’s Application” Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Seoul National University, Korea, 2012.

  43. OVERVIEW10 Ecotourism sites in Korea (2010) 9 8 5 2 6 1 7 4 3 10 43

  44. OVERVIEW10 Ecotourism sites in Korea (2010) 44

  45. Indicators for Sustainability Evaluation

  46. 36 Variables for 19 Indicators in 5 Domains Source : Lee Jae-Hyuck & Lee Hee Yeon (2012) 46

  47. Indicator Set for Ecological Domain Source : Lee Jae-Hyuck & Lee Hee Yeon (2012)

  48. Indicator Sets for Learning & Culture Domains Source : Lee Jae-Hyuck & Lee Hee Yeon (2012)

  49. Indicator Sets for Governance & Economic Domains Source : Lee Jae-Hyuck & Lee Hee Yeon (2012) 49

  50. Methodology of Evaluation

More Related