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Skill Training for Advancement in Rural Societies Presentation by Krishnavatar Sharma

Skills @ Work For Greater Shakti to Unskilled Shram. Skill Training for Advancement in Rural Societies Presentation by Krishnavatar Sharma December 28, 2013. Aajeevika Bureau. Migration Services and Solutions. Work based Education and Skilling.

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Skill Training for Advancement in Rural Societies Presentation by Krishnavatar Sharma

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  1. Skills @ Work For Greater Shakti to Unskilled Shram Skill Training for Advancement in Rural Societies Presentation by Krishnavatar Sharma December 28, 2013

  2. Aajeevika Bureau

  3. Migration Services and Solutions

  4. Work based Education and Skilling • An approach which focuses upon the practical utility of learning • Not restricted to classroom = integrated with workers’ realities of work • Learning based on the needs of the individual's career and employer • Brings together workers’ own expertise at work and new, formal knowledge.

  5. Characterizing India’s Labour Force Source: CRISIL,2010

  6. Labour Migration in India Source: Indian Express

  7. Our Largest Workforce is in these sectorsand it is a migrant workforce • Construction sector (40 m) • Domestic work (12 m) • Textile industry (8 m) • Brick kilns (10 m) • Mines and Quarries • Agriculture • Hotels, Dhabas and Restaurants

  8. A State of Drift

  9. Economic Life Cycle of a Migrant

  10. Skilling Challenges for Unorganised / Migrant Workers • Work arrangements are informal • No stable jobs that implies frequent shift of workplaces • Workers unable to forego wages in favour of being trained • Employers (contractor-intermediaries) unwilling to invest in training of unskilled workers • Lack of structures and facilities for training at work

  11. And this results in … • Concentration of young workers at the bottom end of the labour market • Poor overall productivity of workers • Stagnation of wages (while cost of living in urban areas becomes exorbitant) • Easing out and rotation of unskilled workers by employers • Serious skill and labour deficit in several sectors

  12. Possible Responses and Solution

  13. Skilling up sustainably .. • Differential Skilling at Workers’ Source and Destination • Rigorous, practical and high-quality • Affordable • Essential integration with life skill competence

  14. Aajeevika – STEP Model of Work Based Skill Training

  15. Who should we target? • Low income, out of school, unskilled rural youth at the threshold of joining labour market. • Vulnerable low skilled, low wage earners looking for more stable and better job options. • Young returnees from migration not able to use their work experience in their local settings

  16. Hunarfor young workers at threshold of migration Duration 30 days residential Format Class room + site based Method • Basic theory with practical applications – learn by doing • Work site exposure and internships • Interaction with employers and contractors • Strong life skill competence • Entrepreneurial advise and support

  17. KarmdakshOn Job Training for Workers Duration • 45 days Format • On site – Small Group 3 – 5 workers Method • Trainees receive a stipend which enables them to gain new skills without losing incomes. • Trainer incentivized by a small stipend for every successful trainee.

  18. Placement Readiness for educated rural youth unable to break into formal jobs Duration • 10 – 15 days Format • Class room based with simulations, role plays and motivational sessions Method • Training in basic English, public speaking and communication for interview aptitude • Focus on “self”, personality, presentation and aspiration

  19. Investing in Life Skills for Enhanced Employability • Low confidence and aspiration among rural workers • Low bargaining capacity and poor understanding of rights, responsibilities and labour markets

  20. Topics covered in life skill training 1. Self identification 2. Behavioral Skill 3. Social Responsibility 4. Health and Hygiene 5. Market competency 6. Safe migration

  21. Major Enablers to Work Based Learning • Certification of experienced workers • Job counseling / placement services • Financing and entrepreneurial assistance

  22. High Impact: From a construction worker to a successful plumber BheruLalMeghwal Village: Ghanawal, Kelwada Before training: Unskilled work in Surat textile industry Training at STEP in Plumbing (2008) After Training: Plumbing Contractor Income % Rs.15000/month

  23. High Impact: From unskilled construction worker to a skilled mason ..!! MohniGameti, 18 yrs. Village: Nathdwara, Udaipur Before training: Unskilled helper at construction site. Salary 100/- per day (hardly 15 days of work) Training at STEP in Masonay(2012) After Training: Skilled Mason. Income Rs. 3000/- p.m. – 4000/- per month

  24. Policy Challenges • Base skills among workers very low because of poor schooling and learning deficits • Labour market does not reward skills easily • Unregulated wages and harsh / expensive living conditions in cities for rural workers • What about the largest and harshest employment sectors – construction, mining, head-loading, brick making, small manufacturing etc? • Financing of training for low income, unorganised sector workers.

  25. Thank You

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