第四届“外教社杯”全国高校外语教学大赛

1. 第四届“外教社杯”全国高校外语教学大赛 A Woman Can Learn Anything a Man Can

2. PartⅢ PartⅣ PartⅡ PartⅤ PartⅠ Agenda Text Analysis Language Focus Warming Up Exercises Assignments

3. Warming up

4. Margaret Hilda Thatcher—the 1st female premier of Britain Warming Up

5. What famous women say to themselves Warming Up What is a woman I assure you, I do not know… I do not believe that anybody can know until she has expressed herself in all the arts and professions open to human skill. ----Virginia Woolf There is no female mind. The brain is not an organ of sex. As well speak of a female liver. —— Charlotte Perkins Gilman One shouldn’t expect privileges because of her sex. Neither should she adjust to prejudice. — Betty Naomi Friedan One is not born a woman, one becomes one. —— Simon de Beauvoir 女人并非生就的，而是长成的。 ——西蒙·德·波伏瓦 并没有什么女性思维。大脑不是性器官，正如没有女性肝脏一样。 ——夏洛特·珀金斯·吉尔蒙 女人是什么，说实在的，我不知道……我想，只有当女人在人类能力所能成就的一切技艺和职业中充分展露了自己时，人们才能真正懂得女人。 ——弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫 女性不应因其性别而指望优待，亦不应迁就偏见。 ——贝蒂·纳奥米·弗里丹

6. Text Analysis

7. She works as Mechanical Engineer at Suss MicroTec She lives in Burlington, Canada She specialized in Instrumentation Development andElectro-Mechanical Hardware Text Analysis About the Author Carolyn Turk

8. Text Analysis Paras10-11 Drawing the conclusion Paras1-5 Stumbling into engineering Part One Part Three Part Two Paras6-9 Overcoming obstacles on her way to success. Global Structure

9. When she was a little girl, ____________________. She was expected to go to college, but _________________________________. When she was in high school, ________________________ . She applied to the six-week long summer program not because she was really interested, but _____________________________________________. She chose engineering as her major in college because the summer program had _________________________. Detailed Information she was not a tomboy not to an engineering department she didn’t know the first thing about engineering. because she craved independence from her parents already earned her six credits in engineering Stumbling into engineering

10. She found out that her male college classmates also __________________________________. She had always been good at ________________________. She realized that when a subject was difficult, she shouldn’t use her gender as an excuse, but ____________________. She learned about cars when ___________________________ . Her algebra teacher taught her that bad grades didn’t mean that she was incapable, but ______________________________. Detailed Information math and design • Did she become an engineer entirely by accident? • YES. • NO. • Find the evidence, please. trying to convert an SUV into a hybrid electric vehicle in a national competition. work harder at it √ that she should study more had to work hard at some courses, which encouraged her to keep going

11. a herd of My miniature kitchen • When I was a kid, everything in my bedroom was pink. I have two sisters and we had a complete , and several We didn’t have any toy trucks, or basketballs. We did have a set, but you would have been hard-pressed to find it in our . we weren’t. Barbieand Kendolls. Little Ponies G. I. Joes Wiffle-ball playroom Tomboys playroom☆ n.儿童游戏室 Barbie芭比 （美国美泰玩具公司于1961年推出的系列玩偶商标名） Ken肯（芭比系列中男性玩偶） miniature★ a. very small极小的；微型的 n. 微型器物；微型复制品，缩微模型 tomboy ☆n. 假小子，顽皮女孩 Wiffle-ball 空心棒球游戏 G. I. Joe 美国大兵 （美国孩之宝玩具公司推出的玩具商标名） herd n. a group of animals of one kind that live and feed together 兽群；牧群 a herd of 一群… Text Analysis –Para 1 comprehension

12. NO. 1 What toys did the author and her two sisters like in their childhood?

13. comprehension ironic mechanical So some people may find it that I grew up to be a engineer. In fact, I am the only female engineer at my company. In order to get my college degree, I had to take a lot of math and science classes. I also had to work with a team of students as part of a national competition toa into a electric vehicle that’s where I learned how to fix cars. I’m proud to say that I got A’s in all my classes, including and . I’ve always been pretty good at math and design, but I didn’t understand where that could take me. I was expected to go to college, but no one ever told me I’d make a good engineer someday. convert gas-guzzling SUV hybrid multivariable calculus differential equations guzzle☆ v. 猛吃，狂饮 gas-guzzling☆ a. 大量耗费汽油的，用油特多的 SUV☆ = (AmE) Sports Utility Vehicle运动型多用途汽车 differential equation☆ n. 微分方程 ironic☆ a. (of a situation) odd or amusing because it is very different from what is expected 颇有讽刺意味的，令人啼笑皆非的 hybrid▲ a. 混合的；杂种的 n. 混合型机器；杂交动植物 mechanical a. having to do with, or worked by, machinery; machine like 机械（方面）的; 机械般的，呆板的 multivariable☆ a. involving two or more variable quantities 多变量的；多元的 calculus☆ n. 微积分 convert v. change (from one form, use, etc. to another) （使）转变，（使）转化 Text Analysis –Para 2

14. NO. 2 What was the national competition she once took part in as a college student?

15. comprehension didn’t know the first thing about distinguished transmission alternator • When I was in high school, I engineering. I couldn’t have a from an .The car I drove needed some work but I was afraid to take it to the . Because honestly, the mechanic could have shown me an electric can and said, “This is part of your car and it’s broken — pay me to fix it, ” and I would. mechanic opener n’t have known any better mechanic n. person whose job is to repair and maintain machines 机修工；技工 not know any better (used to say that someone does sth. bad or stupid because they have not been told that it is wrong) 因无知而做错事或干傻事 transmission n. （机器或汽车上的）传动装置，变速器；传输 distinguish v. see, hear or notice as being separate or distinct, recognize clearly 辨认出；分辨 alternator☆ n. 交流发电机 opener n. 开启工具；开瓶器；开罐器 not know/understand the first thing about not know anything about or how to do (sth.) 对…一窍不通 Text Analysis –Para 3

16. NO. 3 Why didn’t she dare to take her car to the mechanic when she was in high school? Not knowing anything about cars; Afraid of being cheated by the mechanic.

17. comprehension • At the end of my junior year of high school, I heard about a summer program designed to interest girls in engineering. The six-week program was free, and students were given college credit anda dorm room at the .I applied to the program, not because I wanted to be an engineer, but because I was independence and wanted to get out of my parents’ house for six weeks. University of Maryland craving crave▲ v. feel a powerful desire for渴望得到 University of Maryland 马里兰大学 Text Analysis –Para 4

18. NO. 4 What really prompted her to apply for the summer program designed to interest girls in engineering? She was craving independence and wanted to live away from home for some time.

19. comprehension decent • I was accepted to the program and I earned six engineering credits. The next year I entered the university as an engineering major. Five years later I had a degree and three job offers. • I whenI hear about studies that show that women are math. They that I am somehow . I’m not, but I do know that if I hadn’t into that summer program, I wouldn’t be an engineer. can’t help shuddering ata disadvantage when it comes to imply abnormal stumbled can’t help doing be unable to prevent oneself from doing 忍不住要做（某事） shudder▲ v. shake uncontrollably; tremble with fear or disgust 战栗；（因恐惧或厌恶而）发抖 stumble★ v. hit your foot against sth. when walking; walk unsteadily绊了一下；跌跌撞撞而行 stumble into: enter by accident 偶然步入 abnormal a. different, often in an undesirable way, from what is normal, or expected不正常的；变态的 at a disadvantage in a situation where one is less likely to succeed because of a problem处于不利地位 when it comes to when the subject being discussed is (a particular thing) 一谈到，就…而言 imply v. express indirectly, suggest 暗示；含有…的意思 decent a. good enough; socially acceptable 像样的，相当好的；得体的 Text Analysis –Para 5，6

20. exercises NO. 5 How did the summer program help her become an engineering major in college? Engineering credits.

21. NO. 6 How long did it take her to get an engineering degree in college? Five years.

22. comprehension • When I was growing up I was told, as many students are, to do what I am best at. But I didn’t know what that was. Most people think that when you are good at something, it comes easily to you. But this is what I discovered: just because a subject is difficult to learn, it does not mean you are not good at it. You just have to and work harder to get good at it. Once you do, there’s a strong chance you will enjoy it more than anything else. grit your teeth grit☆ v. 咬紧 grit one’s teeth:press one’s teeth together tightly in anger or determination咬紧牙关；下定决心 Text Analysis –Para 7

23. NO. 7 What does a difficult subject mean to the author? In her view, if you find a subject is difficult to learn, it does not mean you’re not good at it. It just means you have to set your mind and work harder to get good at it.

24. comprehension algebra • In eighth grade I took . On one test I got only 36 percent of the answers correct. I failed the next one, too. I started to think, Maybe I’m just no good at this. I was lucky enough to have a teacher who didn’t take my bad grades as a judgment of my abilities, but simply as an that I should study more. He pulled me aside and told me he knew I could do better. He let me the tests, and I pulled my grade up to an A. indication retake indication n. a sign that shows sth. exists, is true, or will happen 迹象；表示 algebra▲ n. 代数 retake☆ v. take again重（考），补（考） Text Analysis –Para 8

25. NO. 8 Why did her algebra teacher let her retake her tests? Because he had confidence in her abilities believing she could have done better if she had studied more.

26. comprehension panic buzzing fluorescent estrogen I studied a lot in college, too. I had moments of while sitting underneath the lightsin the engineering library on Saturday afternoons, when I worried that the in my body was preventing me from understanding . But the guys in my classes had to work just as hard, and I knew that I couldn’t afford to lose confidence in myself. I didn’t want to choose between my and a good career. So I reminded myself that those studies, the ones that say that math comes more naturally to men, are based on a : that you can judge a person’s abilities separate from the cues that she has received since she was an. No man is an island. No woman is, either. thermodynamics femininity faulty premise cultural infant buzz★ v., n. (make) a continuous sound like bees （作）嗡嗡声 fluorescent▲ a. 发荧光的 fluorescent light☆ 荧光灯，日光灯 faulty a. mistaken or misleading because of flaws; defective有缺陷的 premise★ n. a previous statement from which another follows as a conclusion 前提 cultural a. relating to the culture of a particular society, group or country 文化（上）的 panic n. sudden uncontrollable fear or anxiety惊慌；恐慌,惊慌失措 estrogen☆ n. 雌激素 femininity☆ n. qualities that are considered typical of women女性气质 infant n. a very young child婴儿；幼儿 thermodynamics☆ n. 热力学 Text Analysis –Para 9

27. exercises NO. 9 Was she always confident in herself when she was in college? How do you know? No, she wasn’t always confident. She had moments of panic, worried that as a woman she would be unable to understand thermodynamics.

28. exercises NO. 10 What does the author think of the claim that math and science come more easily to men? She considers it wrong because it is based on a faulty premise.

29. comprehension videogames • Why are we so quick to limit ourselves? I’m not denying that most little girls love dolls and most little boys love , and it may be true that some people favor the right side of their brain, and others the left. But how relevant is that to me, or to anyone, as an individual? Instead of translating our differences into hard and fast conclusions about the human brain, why can’t we focus instead on how we are? Instead of using what we know as a reason why women can’t learn physics, maybe we should consider the possibility that our brains are more powerful than we imagine. incredibly flexible flexible a. able to change or be changed to suit new needs or conditions; able to bend or be bent easily 灵活的；有弹性的 incredibly☆ adv. extremely, unusually 极其，非同一般地 incredible a. surprising or hard to believe令人惊讶的，难以置信的 videogame☆ n. 电子游戏 Text Analysis –Para 10

30. NO. 11 What is her understanding of the human brain? It is flexible and more powerful than we imagine.