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What is Bullying?. Peer bullying is the repetitive and persistent pattern of behaviors directed by one or more children toward another child. These actions are intended to deliberately inflict physical, verbal, or emotional abuse. A physical or psychological imbalance of strength, either real or per
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1. Bullying Rhonda Lesniak
2. What is Bullying? Peer bullying is the repetitive and persistent pattern of behaviors directed by one or more children toward another child. These actions are intended to deliberately inflict physical, verbal, or emotional abuse. A physical or psychological imbalance of strength, either real or perceived is also present (Hendershot, 2006).
3. Types of Bullying Verbal threats
Verbal insults
Use of nicknames
Physical threats assault or theft
Social acts of exclusion from peer group
Cyber-bullying through electronic means such as e-mail or cell phones
4. Where Does Bullying Occur? Bullying is more likely to occur in less structured settings such as recess, lunch, athletic competitions, or on the school bus.
5. Prevalence of Bullying 1 of 4 children are bullied
77% of students are bullied mentally, verbally, and physically
1 of 5 kids admit to being a bully
8% of students miss 1 day of class per month for fear of bullies
43% fear harassment in the school bathroom
Every 7 minutes a child is bullied on the playground
6. When does bullying begin? Bullying generally begins in the elementary grades, peaks in the sixth through eight grades, and persists into high school.
Bullying is more prevalent among males than females and is more frequent among middle school-aged youth than high school-aged youth.
7. Males vs. Females Males generally engage in physical and verbal bullying
Females generally engage in relational bullying such as ostracism, prejudice, and spreading rumors
8. Potential Victims of Bullying Children with diabetes
Children who are less physically attractive
Children who are overweight
Children who are disabled
Children who perform poorly in school
Children with learning disabilities or ADHD
Children who are passive
Children with personality, behavioral, and social differences
Children who are gay or lesbian
9. Potential Bullies Children who have a history of being bullied by other children.
Children with a history of childhood physical, sexual, or verbal abuse.
Children who have learning disabilities
Children who have ADHD
10. Consequences of Bullying Problem behaviors, such as smoking and drinking alcohol.
Social isolation
Poor academic performance
A bullied child may imitate the bullying behavior and become aggressive.
More than twice as likely to commit homicide.
11. History Does the child feel safe at school?
Does the child feel safe on the playground, or in the bathroom?
Does the child have frequent absenteeism?
Does the child exhibit depression, loneliness, low self esteem, aggression, social isolation, poor academics?
Does the child exhibit a loss of appetite or have nightmares?
Does the child exhibit school phobia?
12. Current Trends in Management Referral to school nurse, school counselor, principal, social worker and/or school police.
Mediation between bully and the bullied child, and their parents, if necessary.
13. Current Trends in Management Training for educators and school nurses to readily identify those who bully and those who are at risk for being bullied.
Peer mediation training for students
14. Current Trends in Management
Protection and counseling for child who has been bullied.
Counseling for the bully.
School-wide bullying prevention programs with a multidisciplinary approach.
Social skills training, conflict management training, role playing to empower children.
Creation of safe environment at school with adequate adult supervision.
15. Current Trends in Management Peer support groups.
Consistent disciplinary responses and enforcement of codes of behavior.
Role models and mentors for students.
16. Resources for Parents, Teachers, and School Nurses
17. Resources www.nasn.org National Association of School Nurses position statements and issue briefs
http://www.dontlaugh.org/
http://www.bullyfree.com/index_home.php
www.bully-free-living.com
www.bullypolice.org
www.peacefulintervention.com
18. References Davis, C. (2006). Schools out for bullying. Nursing standard, 20 (21). P. 24-25.
Hendershot, C., Dake, J., Price, J., & Lartey, G. (2006). Elementary school nurses perceptions of student bullying. The journal of school nursing, 22(4). p. 229-236.