How did the Nazis control the German people?

1. How did the Nazis control the German people? “Terror is the best political weapon for nothing drives people harder than a fear of sudden death.”

2. 1:00 0:01 1:33 2:00 1:59 1:58 1:57 1:56 1:55 1:54 1:53 1:52 1:51 1:50 1:49 1:48 1:47 1:46 1:45 1:44 1:43 1:42 1:41 1:40 1:39 1:38 1:37 1:36 1:32 1:35 1:30 1:04 End 1:31 1:29 1:28 1:27 1:26 1:25 1:24 1:23 1:22 1:21 1:20 1:19 1:18 1:17 1:16 1:15 1:14 1:13 1:12 1:11 1:10 1:09 1:08 1:07 1:06 1:05 1:03 1:34 1:02 1:01 0:46 0:58 0:57 0:56 0:55 0:54 0:53 0:52 0:51 0:50 0:49 0:48 0:47 0:45 0:32 0:44 0:43 0:42 0:41 0:40 0:39 0:38 0:37 0:36 0:35 0:34 0:33 0:31 0:30 0:29 0:02 2:00 0:59 0:28 0:27 0:26 0:25 0:24 0:23 0:22 0:21 0:20 0:19 0:18 0:17 0:15 0:14 0:13 0:12 0:11 0:10 0:09 0:08 0:07 0:06 0:05 0:04 0:03 0:16 What methods did I use to control the German people? With your partner write down what you can remember on the whiteboard in your pack!

3. The Terror State Propaganda Secret police called the Gestapo would spy on and arrest enemies of the state. Mass Rallies, Posters and Propaganda films. Keeping Control of Germany The Nazis controlled and censored the radio & newspapers. SS were responsible for running the concentration camps. School children were indoctrinated with Nazi ideas at school. Popularity Ripping up the Treaty of Versailles. How did Hitler keep control of Germany? Everyone was scared of being arrested by the Gestapo and being put in a concentration camp. Hitler Youth & the Young Maidens. Creating Jobs

4. I gave strict orders and demanded that the police should devote all their energies to the ruthless extermination of subversive elements. Herman Goering explaining his role in the creation of the Gestapo. What does the source suggest about the purpose of the Gestapo?

5. The Terror State • Both the Gestapo and the SS were run by Heinrich Himmler. • The Gestapo, set up in 1933, employed an army of spies who would inform on people. • As of 1936 the Gestapo was supervised by Himmler’s deputy ReinhardHeydrich

6. Use the information you have been given to complete your mind map! Can you explain how the Gestapo helped the Nazis to control the German people?

7. The legal system • All judges had to be members of the Nazi Party. • They also had to join the ‘National Socialist League for the Maintenance of Law’. • In October 1933 the ‘German Lawyers Front’ was established and had over 10,000 members by 1934. • In 1934 the ‘People’s court’ was established to try cases of treason.

8. Communists Social Democrats Jews Trade Unionists. Work Shy Homosexuals Gypsies Germans who bought from Jews Pacifists Radical Christian Organisation Anyone who criticised Hitler or the Nazi Party. Enemies of the State

9. Enemies of the State • A list of German women who were still purchasing goods from Jewish shops. • Printed to scare or terrorise other people into not buying from the Jews.

10. You are imprisoned for up to six months doing hard physical labour. When you are released you tell everybody what has happened to you Gestapo Spies inform on you Fear You are woken up by the Gestapo at 1 am in the morning and told that you have 5 minutes to pack your bags. You are handed over to the SS who run the concentration camps. By signing this form you are giving your consent to be put into a concentration camp. Days or maybe weeks later you are interviewed and asked to sign form D11 You are arrested and thrown into a cell at the police station How did the Terror State Work?

11. How did the Terror State Work? • Everyone knew someone who knew someone else who had been in a concentration camp. • Favourite joke amongst Germans at this time: A man goes to the Dentist. The Dentist says: ‘Open Wide.’ The man sits up and says: ‘Not in front of a stranger.’ • Favourite Saying amongst Germans: ‘Speak through a Flower.’ • 800,000 Germans were imprisoned from 1933 – 1945 as ‘Enemies of the State.’ • 500,000 were executed by being shot in the neck.

12. How important was the Gestapo in Nazi Germany? (6 marks) The Gestapo was a very important tool in controlling the German people as they scared the German people into following Nazi rule. If the Gestapo became aware that a citizen was a threat to Nazi rule, even in small way that person would be arrested, tortured for information and potentially sent to a concentration camp. Through the fear that they inspired they created a large network of informers which meant that the majority of threats were reported by the German people themselves. 1 mark – Gives a decision on how important the Gestapo were. 2 marks- Gives a reason to support decision. 3 marks - Explains one reason why the Gestapo were important. 4 marks – Explains two reasons why they were important. Uses full paragraphing structure. 5-6 Marks – Gives balanced evaluation explaining the importance of the Gestapo but also introducing other aspects of the terror state as being important. Reaches a clear judgement. Uses full paragraphing structure.

13. How important was the Gestapo in Nazi Germany? (6 marks) Describe the Nazi police state. (4 marks) 1 mark – Gives a decision on how important the Gestapo were. 2 marks- Gives a reason to support decision. 3 marks - Explains one reason why the Gestapo were important. 4 marks – Explains two reasons why they were important. Uses full paragraphing structure. 5-6 Marks – Gives balanced evaluation explaining the importance of the Gestapo but also introducing other aspects of the terror state as being important. Reaches a clear judgement. Uses full paragraphing structure. Question two mark scheme 1 mark – identifies key aspects of the terror state. 2 marks- Describes one aspect of the police state. (Camps/Gestapo/legal system) 3 marks - Describes two aspects of the police state. (Camps/Gestapo/legal system) 4 marks – Describes three aspects of the police state. (Camps/Gestapo/legal system) End