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The Death Penalty

The Death Penalty . Hannah Welsh Senior Seminar Periods 3&4. British settlers bring Death Penalty to the colonies 1767 essay by Cesare Beccaria : “On Crimes and Punishment” questioned justification Late 1700s: Death Penalty abolitionist movement Benjamin Rush: rise of high crimes

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The Death Penalty

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  1. The Death Penalty Hannah Welsh Senior Seminar Periods 3&4

  2. British settlers bring Death Penalty to the colonies • 1767 essay by CesareBeccaria: “On Crimes and Punishment” questioned justification • Late 1700s: Death Penalty abolitionist movement • Benjamin Rush: rise of high crimes • Pennsylvania: 1794-first state to abolish except for 1st degree murder; 1834-first state to move executions to correctional facilities • 1838: Tennessee begins discretion • Electric Chair created after Civil War • Reform movements in beginning of 1900s • 1924: Cyanide gas invented • 1930s: more executions that any other decade • 1950s: Huge drop in executions • Trop v Dulles: “standard of decency” (1958) • Furman v Georgia: voids 40 death penalties along with suspension (1972) • Coker v Georgia: death penalty with living rape victim unconstitutional (1977) Historical Background

  3. 1986: execution of mentally insane people banned • 1988: Death Penalty to people aged 15 and under unconstitutional • 1988-1989: Executions of ages 16 and 17, and “mentally retarded” not banned by 8th Amendment • 1994: Clinton creates the “Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act” • 1996: Clinton creates the “Anti-Terrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act” • 1998: Karla Faye Tucker and Judi Buenoano executed • 2000: Illinois governor, George Ryan, appoints commission to study issue • Atkins v Virginia: execution of “mentally retarded” defendants violates 8th Amendment (2002) • 2003: George Ryan grants clemency to all 167 death row inmates • 2004: New York death penalty declared unconstitutional by the state’s high court • Roper v Simmons: Execution for under 18 considered “cruel and unusual punishment”

  4. Recent History • 2007: New Jersey becomes first state to abolish capital punishment • Kennedy v Louisiana: no capital punishment in child rape when victim is still alive (2008) • 2009: Governor Bill Richardson repeals death penalty in New Mexico with a life replacement • 2011: Governor Patt Quinn in Illinois does the same • Trend of fewer executions in 2010: 46 compared to 52 in 2009 • COMPARE TO: 85 in 2000 • Juries leaning towards life sentences Current state

  5. Death Penalty SHOULD be Banned: • Finances • Barbaric, useless, wrong message • Clogs court systems • Juries reluctant to convict • Possible innocence • Mentally ill prisoners • Creates sympathy for offenders Opposing Viewpoints

  6. Death Penalty SHOULD NOT be Banned • Closure for victim’s families • Crime deterrent • DNA • Parole and escapes • Prison overpopulation • Justice is better served

  7. "I believe the death penalty is appropriate in certain circumstances. There are extraordinarily heinous crimes, terrorism, the harm of children in which it may be appropriate.” • (Obama, Audacity of Hope) Obama and Democratic Platform

  8. Supportive: • Supportive of courts having discretion in capital murder cases • Effective Deterrent • More rights for victims, harsher criminal penalties Republican Platform

  9. RICK PERRY • Received question on capital punishment in recent debate • Quizzed about enthusiasm • Has no problems with any of the executions on his watch • Mentally ill prisoners, women, juveniles • 234 executions while in office • Duane Buck case

  10. RON PAUL • Wants to eliminate death penalty at state and federal level • Changed his opinion due to prior mistakes

  11. Picture Citations • http://www.google.com/imgres?q=death+penalty&hl=en&newwindow=1&gbv=2&tbm=isch&tbnid=CrCG-y9I6m9IbM:&imgrefurl=http://onthefencewithjesus.com/%3Fp%3D1469&docid=Bwx3GJdXB9fhlM&w=361&h=347&ei=oq9yTr_pNanA0AGunp3-CQ&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=621&vpy=182&dur=74&hovh=220&hovw=229&tx=125&ty=104&page=1&tbnh=154&tbnw=160&start=0&ndsp=48&ved=1t:429,r:2,s:0&biw=1683&bih=1184 • http://www.google.com/imgres?q=death+penalty&hl=en&newwindow=1&gbv=2&tbm=isch&tbnid=K6KN8c2v5MeOOM:&imgrefurl=http://theonlinecitizen.com/2011/09/the-mandatory-death-penalty-is-not-the-same-as-the-death-penalty/&docid=shRwQsLv15jWIM&w=312&h=400&ei=oq9yTr_pNanA0AGunp3-CQ&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=421&page=1&tbnh=154&tbnw=129&start=0&ndsp=48&ved=1t:429,r:4,s:0&tx=100&ty=127&biw=1683&bih=1184 • http://www.google.com/imgres?q=judy+buenoano&hl=en&newwindow=1&gbv=2&tbm=isch&tbnid=L0bvR5knw8-b6M:&imgrefurl=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judy_Buenoano&docid=mKPm7U2XLtscAM&w=200&h=245&ei=c7ByTuajNcHg0QGG8KWLCg&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=497&page=1&tbnh=148&tbnw=116&start=0&ndsp=56&ved=1t:429,r:0,s:0&tx=61&ty=69&biw=1683&bih=1184 • http://www.google.com/imgres?q=karla+faye+tucker&hl=en&newwindow=1&gbv=2&tbm=isch&tbnid=xfJq6ysLGZSchM:&imgrefurl=http://www.capitalpunishmentuk.org/karla.html&docid=f7WeP_rbq0CxEM&w=351&h=354&ei=y7ByTujFMIn10gG5yLSdCg&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=175&page=1&tbnh=149&tbnw=155&start=0&ndsp=54&ved=1t:429,r:1,s:0&tx=153&ty=142&biw=1683&bih=1184 • http://www.google.com/imgres?q=the+death+penalty+makes+killers+of+us+all&hl=en&newwindow=1&gbv=2&tbm=isch&tbnid=Rb-Ar8_U6UHihM:&imgrefurl=http://theduckshoot.com/blog/amnesty-internationals-award-winning-death-to-the-death-penalty-advertisement/death-penalty/&docid=R_83nvQHKuevgM&w=504&h=669&ei=QbNyTr-AHOP10gHhvMWHCg&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=388&page=1&tbnh=172&tbnw=132&start=0&ndsp=47&ved=1t:429,r:0,s:0&tx=71&ty=61&biw=1683&bih=1184 • http://www.google.com/imgres?q=pro+death+penalty&hl=en&newwindow=1&gbv=2&tbm=isch&tbnid=dxaycm3xjHkl7M:&imgrefurl=http://www.cafepress.com/%2Bprodeath_penalty_sticker,167593098&docid=EiZQotzsPCWjTM&w=480&h=480&ei=urNyTpvJB-L20gHC1uCvCg&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=466&page=1&tbnh=145&tbnw=145&start=0&ndsp=47&ved=1t:429,r:9,s:0&tx=74&ty=57&biw=1683&bih=1184 • http://www.google.com/imgres?q=audacity+of+hope&hl=en&newwindow=1&sa=X&gbv=2&tbm=isch&tbnid=rln9DfZWyp5unM:&imgrefurl=http://israelmatzav.blogspot.com/2011/06/us-should-stop-audacity-of-hope.html&docid=glh-Xtlr_CnYRM&w=322&h=416&ei=17NyTqC9Osfs0gHMrYmDCg&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=432&page=1&tbnh=145&tbnw=112&start=0&ndsp=62&ved=1t:429,r:2,s:0&tx=91&ty=79&biw=1683&bih=1184 • http://www.google.com/imgres?q=rick+perry&hl=en&newwindow=1&gbv=2&tbm=isch&tbnid=0nwOSirX4YQWZM:&imgrefurl=http://thelibertyblog.org/2011/06/17/rick-perry-hes-the-guy-2/&docid=1EhzVRWUb__cdM&w=640&h=480&ei=9bNyToLZL4Xu0gHH6sDxCQ&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=354&page=1&tbnh=149&tbnw=184&start=0&ndsp=50&ved=1t:429,r:1,s:0&tx=79&ty=87&biw=1683&bih=1184 • http://www.google.com/imgres?q=ron+paul&hl=en&newwindow=1&gbv=2&tbm=isch&tbnid=7ZhI0xxyxKV8nM:&imgrefurl=http://www.therightperspective.org/2011/05/21/israel-our-close-friend-obama-irrational-ron-paul/&docid=BuGEJCL1OxKaIM&w=300&h=327&ei=CLRyTsP0B4Tw0gH-g_iIBg&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=689&vpy=178&dur=560&hovh=212&hovw=194&tx=109&ty=111&page=1&tbnh=144&tbnw=131&start=0&ndsp=52&ved=1t:429,r:3,s:0&biw=1683&bih=1184

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