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ROMANIA

ROMANIA. ROMANIA. ROMANIAN EDUCATION SYSTEM. Education Act 1995 Basic principles. Education is a national priority Education is based on democratic values

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ROMANIA

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  1. ROMANIA

  2. ROMANIA

  3. ROMANIAN EDUCATION SYSTEM

  4. Education Act 1995Basic principles • Education is a national priority • Education is based on democratic values • Romaniaendorses the principleof equal chances in education regardless of gender, individual characteristics – physical or mental impairments, cultural or socio-economic background, mother tongue, ethnic origin, religion etc. • Minorities have a right to education in their own language • Public education is tax free

  5. Pre-university educationrecent changes in the Education Act • Beginning of compulsory education at the age of 6 • 10 grades of compulsory education: I - X Consequence: Young people leave compulsory education at the age of 16, when the law allows them to integrate the work market • Change in the structure of secondary education, giving young people the opportunity to enter vocational education and training inside compulsory education, through the art and trades school • A vocational path with progressive certification

  6. University educationrecent changes * Introduction, in the legal provisions, of the Bologna decisions: • First cycle (3-4 years), leading to bachelor degree • Second cycle (1-2 years), leading to master degree • Third cycle (3 years), leading to PhD * Implementation of the European transferable credits system * Restructuring of university specializations

  7. Curriculum The curricular framework includes: • The core curriculum (common core and differentiated curriculum), containing the compulsory subjects and the number of allocated hours, designed and approved at national level • The school based curriculum, designed at the level of the school The syllabus • for the core curriculum subjects, the syllabus is elaborated by commissions of specialists, it is endorsed by the National Board for Curriculum and approved by the minister of education • For school based curriculum, the syllabus is designed at the level of the school and approved by the specialty inspector of each county Text books • Alternative textbooks can be elaborated for the same syllabus • The ministry approves the textbooks which can be used in schools • The teachers have the right to choose the appropriate textbook, from the approved list Teacher guidelines are usually elaborated by the National Board for Curriculum

  8. FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING AND LEARNING IN ROMANIA • The study of the first language begins in 3rd grade, at the age of 9 • The second language is introduced in the 5th grade, at the age of 11 • Children can begin the study of the first language in 1st grade, as an optional course • At parents request, one language can be studied in kindergarten

  9. Foreign languages taught in the Romanian education system • English - 2,500,000 students • French - 1,885,207 students • German - 240,000 students • Russian - 90,000 students • Italian - 11,428 • Spanish - 11,019 • Portuguese, Modern Greek, Japanese

  10. Number of language hours- intensive study classes - • Begins in 5th grade, can continue until 12th grade • 4 hours of foreign language study/ week • Students pass a language test, in order to be admitted

  11. The process Education and Training 2010 Romania has adopted and explicitly mentioned in the curriculum the 8 domains of key competences: - Communication in the mother tongue - Communication in foreign languages - Mathematical literacy and basic competences in science and technology - ICT skills - Learning to learn - Interpersonal and social competences - Entrepreneurship - Cultural awareness

  12. Consequences • Introducing the second foreign language in all types of high schools, from 9th to 12th grade • The existence of a compulsory foreign language, in the curriculum for the arts and trades schools • The existence, for qualifications such as commerce or tourism, of a module, integrated in the specialty area: Communication for professional aims, in a second foreign language • The existence, in each qualification in the VET system, of a unit of competency : communicating in a foreign language

  13. Training pathways Levels 4and 5 Higher education Post highschool Level 3+ Bacalaureat P R O G R E S I V E P A T H. Level 3 Superior cycle of technological Highschool XII and XIII grades D I R E C T P A T H W A Y Superior cycle of technological highschool XI and XII grades Level 3 Level 2 Completion year XI grade Inferior cycle of technological highschool IX and X grades School of arts and trades IX and X grade Level 1

  14. Qualifications and Curriculum in IVET

  15. Qualifications and Curriculum in IVET QUALIFICATIONS IN IVET • Training standards • Described in terms of learning outcomes • Developed in partnership with the social partners • Validated by the Sectoral Committees

  16. Qualifications and Curriculum in IVET • TRAINING STANDARDS • Competence unit titles • Level • Credit value • Competencies/ learning outcomes • Performance criteria • Range statements • Assessment criteria

  17. Qualifications and Curriculum in IVET QUALIFICATION STRUCTURE • Key skills units – common for all qualifications from all the domains • General technical units – common for all qualifications within the same domain • Specialized technical units – specific for each qualification

  18. KEY SKILLS UNITS GENERAL TECHNICAL UNITS GENERAL TECHNICAL UNITS SPECIALIZED TECHNICAL UNITS SPECIALIZED TECHNICAL UNITS SPECIALIZED TECHNICAL UNITS SPECIALIZED TECHNICAL UNITS SPECIALIZED TECHNICAL UNITS SPECIALIZED TECHNICAL UNITS Q 1 Q 2 Q 3 Q 4 Q 5 Q 6 DOMAIN A DOMAIN B Qualifications and Curriculum in IVET

  19. Qualifications and Curriculum in IVET CURRICULUM • based on training standards • modular • locally developed curriculum adapted to the relevant qualifications at local and regional level • modules on key units • student centred methodologies of teaching and learning • methodologies adapted to students with SEN • evaluation and certification based on standards

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