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MADISON’S CURRENT WEATHER

MADISON’S CURRENT WEATHER. Madison Weather at 1000 AM CDT 16 JUL 2002 Updated twice an hour at :05 and :25 Sky/Weather: SUNNY Temperature: 79 F (26 C)

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MADISON’S CURRENT WEATHER

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  1. MADISON’S CURRENT WEATHER Madison Weather at 1000 AM CDT 16 JUL 2002 Updated twice an hour at :05 and :25 Sky/Weather: SUNNY Temperature: 79 F (26 C) Dew Point: 60 F (15 C) Relative Humidity: 52% Wind: SW6 MPH Barometer: 30.13F (1020.3 mb)

  2. Last 24 hrs in Madison FOG

  3. T.S. Arthur Winds: 60 mph CURRENT VISIBLE

  4. T.S. Arthur CURRENT IR

  5. Current Surface Weather Map with Isobars (“iso” = equal & “bar” = weight), Fronts and Radar

  6. Current Temperatures (°F) & Isotherms(“iso” = equal +”therm” = temperature)

  7. Current Dewpoints (oF)

  8. IFR – Instrument Flight RulesRed Dots: Ceiling < 1000 ft or Visibility < 3 miles

  9. Current Apparent Temperatures (oF)

  10. Forecast Heat Indices

  11. Tomorrow AM Forecast Map

  12. Announcements • Homework #3 is due next Thurs. 18 July 2002 • If you have ??, please see me.

  13. ATM OCN 100 - Summer 2002 LECTURE 12 CLOUD OBSERVATIONS & CLASSIFICATION • INTRODUCTION CLOUDS – SIGNPOSTS IN THE SKY • What can be learned from clouds? • Is it partly cloudy or partly sunny? • How are clouds classified?

  14. CLOUDS - SIGNPOSTS IN THE SKY • Atmospheric moisture content; • Air temperatures aloft; • Atmospheric stability; • Tracer for winds aloft (speed & direction) and wind shear[speed/direction change with height].

  15. B. OBSERVATIONAL MEASUREMENTS OF CLOUDS • Cloud Amount or Sky Cover • fraction of sky covered by a cloud; • based on visual estimates or measurements.

  16. B. CLOUD OBSERVATIONS (con’t.) • Cloud Heights & Ceilings • Height of cloud base; • Based upon visual estimates or measurements.

  17. C. CLOUD TYPES - CLOUD CLASSIFICATION SCHEME • Historical • Luke Howard in early 19th century. • Basis for Modern Traditional Cloud Classification Scheme • Appearance • Height

  18. C. CLOUD CLASSIFICATION SCHEME (con’t.) • The Nature of Cloud Types • Layer or Stratiform Clouds • Layer forms indicate gentle uplift. • Heaped or Cumuliform Clouds • Puffy forms indicate vigorous uplift.

  19. CLOUD TYPES [based upon International Cloud Atlas (WMO)]See Table 7.1 Moran & Morgan, 1997

  20. HIGH CLOUDS > 20,000 ft (> 6 km) “Cold clouds” with ice crystalsSee Table 7.1 Moran & Morgan, 1997

  21. Cirrus

  22. Cirrus

  23. Cirrus

  24. Cirrostratus

  25. Cirrostratus (Cs) Made of a thin, transparent layer of (all ice) high clouds. Halos are common with this cloud type.

  26. Cirrostratus

  27. Cirrocumulus

  28. Cirrocumulus

  29. Cirrocumulus

  30. Cirrocumulus (Cc) Note the clumpy rows – due to wind shear (also all ice)

  31. MIDDLE CLOUDS 6500 to 20,000 ft (2 – 6 km) “Cold clouds” with supercooled water dropletsSee Table 7.1 Moran & Morgan, 1997

  32. Altocumulus

  33. Altocumulus (Ac) Remember…cumulus means puffy. (Can be a mix of ice & water)

  34. Altocumulus

  35. Altostratus

  36. Altostratus

  37. Altostratus

  38. Altostratus (As) Another transparent layer….this one is at mid levels and can be made up of ice and water

  39. LOW CLOUDS 0 – 6500 ft (0 – 2 km)“Warm clouds” with water dropletsSee Table 7.1 Moran & Morgan, 1997

  40. Stratus

  41. Stratus

  42. Nimbostratus

  43. Stratocumulus

  44. Stratocumulus (Sc) (con’t.) Stratocumulus layers are thin, but can be extremely dense, as seen from above.

  45. VERTICALLY DEVELOPED CLOUDS0 – 10,000 ft ( 0 – 3 km)See Table 7.1 Moran & Morgan, 1997

  46. Cumulus

  47. Cumulus (Fair Weather) (Cu) Note the puffiness of the clouds. Also, they are rather isolated, although it may not appear that way on the horizon.

  48. Cumulonimbus

  49. Cumulonimbus

  50. Cumulonimbus (Cb) Approximate tropopause (~ 6 miles high) ANVIL RAIN SHAFT Notice the anvil aloft! This cloud is probably nearly 100 miles away. They are huge!!!

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