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Contraceptive Options

Contraceptive Options. Abstinence Withdrawal (Coitus Interuptus)/Rhythm Spermicides Male Condom Female Condom Diaphragm/Cervical Cap Birth Control Pill Norplant Depo-Provea Intrauterine Device (IUD) Ovral >The morning after pill Nuva Ring

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Contraceptive Options

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  1. Contraceptive Options • Abstinence • Withdrawal (Coitus Interuptus)/Rhythm • Spermicides • Male Condom • Female Condom • Diaphragm/Cervical Cap • Birth Control Pill • Norplant • Depo-Provea • Intrauterine Device (IUD) • Ovral >The morning after pill • Nuva Ring • Vasectomy / Tubal Ligation • Emergency Contraception

  2. Refraining from any oral, anal, or vaginal intercourse (penetration) Refraining from sexual behavior that involves the exchange of bodily fluids:vaginal, anal, oral Advantages: No physical side effects Can be used anytime Nothing to purchase Disadvantages: Requires commitment & self-control Peer pressure Effectiveness: 100 % Abstinence

  3. The act of “pulling out when it tingles” Trying to time withdrawl of penis before ejaculation . Based on a women’s cycle Advantages: No cost, no preparation involved Available as last resort Disadvantages: Dependent on male partner Sperm exist in Pre-Ejaculate fluid. Requires commitment & great control No protection against STI”s Effectiveness: Highly dependent on individual user Withdrawal (coitus interuptus)/Rhythm Method

  4. Provide a Barrier of Protection between body fluids. 1. Male Condom 2. Female Condom 3. Diaphram/Cervical Cap Barrier Methods

  5. Thin membrane made of latex, polyurethane, or sheepskin that fits over the erect penis Advantages: Available w/out prescription Offers protection from STI’s Easy to carry & use Inexpensive Disadvantages: Male controlled method May “forget” to use May break if used incorrectly May interfere with the moment Effectiveness: 98% if used correctly Male Condom

  6. Polyurethane pouch that fits inside a woman’s vagina Advantages: Safe Available w/out prescription Easy to carry & use Polyurethane is strong, conducts body heat easily, & rarely breaks Protects against STI’s Disadvantages: May be difficult to use May become dislodged during intercourse Expensive May make noise Effectiveness: 75% - 95% if used correctly Female Condom

  7. (foam, cream, jelly) A chemical that kills sperm Advantages: Available w/out prescription Minimal health risk Easy to carry & use Some protection against STI’s Disadvantages: Timing > must insert close to intercourse May cause an allergic reaction Effectiveness: 75% - 80% if used correctly 98% if used with a condom Spermicides

  8. A shallow rubber cap w/ a rim made of fine, flexible springs that fits perfectly across the upper vagina covering the entire cervix. Must use w/ spermicide Advantages: Can be used before intercourse Inexpensive, can be re-used No hormonal or chemical changes in the body Disadvantages: Requires fitting/prescription May “forget” to use May be difficult to use Must be left in 6-8 hours after intercourse Minimal protection against STI’s Effectiveness: 82% - 95% if used correctly Diaphragm/Cervical Cap

  9. Pills create change in the menstrual cycle that interrupt normal patterns of ovulation & implantation, thus preventing pregnancy Advantages: Continuous protection against pregnancy Reversible Protects against painful irregular periods, ovarian & endometrial cancer, & infections of the fallopian tubes Disadvantages: Must remember to take Not suitable for all (risk of stroke) 3. Possible side-effects (nausea, weight gain) 4. No protection against STI’s Effectiveness: 97% - 99% if used correctly Birth Control Pill

  10. Injection of long-acting progestin. It acts by creating conditions in the uterus that are inhospitable for embryo implantation. Effectiveness: 99+% ADVANTAGES: Continuous protection against pregnancy for 3 months Nothing to remember Menstruation ceases for over 50% of women Confidential DISADVANTAGES: Visit to clinical every 3 months Non-reversible until effects wear off Return to fertility may take several months No protection against STI’s Available only to older women who have had a baby DEPO-PROVEA and LUNELLE/Injections

  11. Consists of 6 slender silicone rubber capsules that contain a steroid called Leungestrel (form of progestin) inhibits ovulation Advantages: Continuous protection against pregnancy for 5 yrs. Reversible Nothing to remember Disadvantages: Expensive Minor surgical procedure Irregular menstrual bleeding Possible difficulty in removing Possible weight gain Less effective in woman more than 155lbs Effectiveness: 99% Norplant

  12. A flexible vaginal ring that contains hormones that stops the ovaries from releasing an egg ADVANTAGES: -Don’t have to remember to take pills DISADVANTAGES: -Expensive -Has to be prescribed by a doctor -Doesn’t protect against STD’s EFFECTIVENESS: 99% if used correctly Nuva Ring

  13. TWO TYPES USED IN THE US: PROGESTASERT-contains progestin which is gradually released. TCu38OA-contains copper Both are inserted into the uterus by the physician The actual way they work is unknown but the hypothesis is IUD’s interfere with the movement of the egg through the fallopian tube or with the mobility of the sperm Effectiveness: 97% ADVANTAGES: Continuous protection against pregnancy for up to 8 years Reversible Nothing to remember DISADVANTAGES: Limited use Increase risk of PID May be expelled or perforate from uterus No protection against STI’s Prescription required INTRAUTERINE DEVICE (IUD)

  14. Act of trying to pinpoint the day of Ovulation! Ovulation = when egg is released from ovary. When a women is Fertile Occurs 14 Days before 1st day of Menstral Cycle Advantages: Good method for couples who are trying to get pregnant. Also helps people who are not trying to have a baby lessen chances. Free, Natural, contraceptive option that doesn’t interfere with religious beliefs. Disadvantages: Requires Careful planning Women have irregular, unpredictable menstrual cycles, don’t know when ovulation occurs Cycles can be irregular do to Stress, Diet, Exercise, Medications. Making her ability to pinpoint Ovulation difficult Sperm can live inside vaginal canal up to 24-48 hrs. No Protection from STD’s Rhythm Method/Periodic Abstinence

  15. Vasectomy Male Surgical Procedure Tying of Vas Deferens to prevent the release of Sperm In some cases can be reversed. Return to fertility is not guaranteed. Tubal Ligation Female Surgical Procedure Tying of Fallopian Tubes to prevent implantation of Egg **Typically used by couples or individuals who are done having children. Permanent Contraceptive Procedures!

  16. Hormonal Pills Taken within 72 hours or up to 5 hours after unprotected intercourse Interrupts the menstrual cycle 2 doses of pills Plan B or Preven are 2 examples of Emergency Contraception Should NOT be relied on as an Opiton. Only in an Emergency Disadvantages -Nausea, vomitting - not guaranteed to work Advantages - Prevents unwanted pregnancy - Available over the counter at a pharmacy 17 or over. - Under 17 needs a Perscription EFFECTIVENESS: - 85% EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTION PILLS “THE MORNING AFTER PILL”

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